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@ARTICLE{Jiang:838901,
      author       = {Jiang, Hongliang and Xu, Liangfei and Fang, Chuan and Zhao,
                      Xingwang and Hu, Zunyan and Li, Jianqiu and Ouyang, Minggao},
      title        = {{E}xperimental study on dual recirculation of polymer
                      electrolyte membrane fuel cell},
      journal      = {International journal of hydrogen energy},
      volume       = {42},
      number       = {29},
      issn         = {0360-3199},
      address      = {New York, NY [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2017-07407},
      pages        = {18551 - 18559},
      year         = {2017},
      abstract     = {Durability and start-up ability in sub-zero environment are
                      two technical bottlenecks of vehicular polymer electrolyte
                      membrane (PEM) fuel cell systems. With exhaust gas
                      recirculation on the anode and cathode side, the cell
                      voltage at low current density can be reduced, and the
                      membrane can be humidified without external humidifier. They
                      may be helpful to prolong the working lifetime and to
                      promote the start-up ability. This paper presents an
                      experimental study on a PEM fuel cell system with anodic and
                      cathodic recirculation. The system is built up based on a 10
                      kW fuel cell stack, which consists of 50 cells and has an
                      active area of 261 cm2. A cathodic recirculation pump and a
                      hydrogen recirculation pump are utilized on the cathode and
                      anode side, respectively. Key parameters, e.g., stack
                      current, stack voltage, cell voltage, air flow, relative
                      humidity on the cathode side, oxygen concentration at the
                      inlet and outlet of the cathode side, are measured. Results
                      show that: 1) with a cathodic recirculation the system gets
                      good self-humidification effect, which is similar to that
                      with an external humidifier; 2) with a cathodic
                      recirculation and a reduction of fresh air flux, the cell
                      voltage can be obviously reduced; 3) with an anodic
                      recirculation the cell voltage can also be reduced due to a
                      reduction in the hydrogen partial pressure, the relative
                      humidity on the cathode side is a little smaller than the
                      case with only cathode recirculation. It indicates that, for
                      our stack the cathodic recirculation is effective to clamp
                      cell voltage at low current density, and a
                      self-humidification system is possible with cathodic
                      recirculation. Further study will focus on the dynamic model
                      and control of the dual recirculation fuel cell system.},
      cin          = {IEK-3},
      ddc          = {660},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-3-20101013},
      pnm          = {135 - Fuel Cells (POF3-135)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-135},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000407657900050},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.ijhydene.2017.04.183},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/838901},
}