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@PHDTHESIS{Liu:838934,
      author       = {Liu, Shurong},
      title        = {{C}oupled biotic-abiotic mechanisms of nitrous oxide
                      production in soils during nitrification involving the
                      reactive intermediates hydroxylamineand nitrite},
      volume       = {396},
      school       = {Universität Bonn},
      type         = {Dissertation},
      address      = {Jülich},
      publisher    = {Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH Zentralbibliothek, Verlag},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2017-07437},
      isbn         = {978-3-95806-272-6},
      series       = {Schriften des Forschungszentrums Jülich Reihe Energie $\&$
                      Umwelt / Energy $\&$ Environment},
      pages        = {148 S.},
      year         = {2017},
      note         = {Universität Bonn, Diss., 2017},
      abstract     = {Nitrous oxide (N$_{2}$O) is an important greenhouse gas
                      that can deplete the ozone layer. Microbial nitrification
                      and denitrification have been long considered as the major
                      contributors of soil N$_{2}$O production. However, the
                      mechanisms responsible for N$_{2}$O production from
                      nitrification are still not fully understood. The current
                      understanding is that there are mainly two routes
                      responsible for the N$_{2}$O production from nitrification:
                      biological ammonia (NH$_{3}$) oxidation and nitrifier
                      denitrification of nitrite (NO$_{2}^{-}$). However, so far
                      it has been neglected that abiotic processes could also play
                      an important role in the N$_{2}$O production during
                      nitrification, involving the two reactive N intermediates
                      hydroxylamine (NH$_{2}$OH) and NO$_{2}$-via coupled
                      biotic-abiotic mechanisms of N$_{2}$O production. While the
                      abiotic N$_{2}$O production from NO$_{2}^{-}$ has been
                      studied in the last decades, the abiotic N$_{2}$O production
                      involving NH$_{2}$OH has long been ignored. One possible
                      reason could be that NH$_{2}$OH was not detected in soils in
                      previous research. In addition, the release of NH$_{2}$OH
                      during NH$_{3}$ oxidation in pure cultures of ammonia
                      oxidizers has not been studied previously, which would be
                      the prerequisite of abiotic N$_{2}$O production involving
                      NH$_{2}$OH. Therefore, the aim of the present thesis was to
                      study the relevance and mechanisms of coupled biotic-abiotic
                      N$_{2}$O formation from NH$_{2}$OH and NO$_{2}^{-}$ during
                      nitrification in different soils. By studying different
                      types of ammonia oxidizers (ammonia-oxidizing bacteria
                      (AOB), ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA), and complete ammonia
                      oxidizers (comammox)), this thesis demonstrates NH$_{2}$OH
                      release during NH$_{3}$ oxidation of various ammonia
                      oxidizers. However, the NH$_{2}$OH:final product release
                      ratios were different between the different microbial
                      strains studied, ranging from 0.24\% to 1.92\%, and were
                      also dependent on initial NH$_{3}$ concentrations in the
                      medium. The presence of NO$_{2}$ - decreased the abiotic
                      NH$_{2}$OH decay rate in the medium but increased abiotic
                      N$_{2}$O production involving NH$_{2}$OH. The calculated
                      fraction of NH$_{4}^{+}$ converted to N$_{2}$O via
                      NH$_{2}$OH release during incubations ranged from 0.05\% to
                      0.14\%, which was consistent with published
                      NH$_{4}^{+}$-to-N$_{2}$O conversion ratios for certain
                      ammonia oxidizers. [...]},
      cin          = {IBG-3},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IBG-3-20101118},
      pnm          = {255 - Terrestrial Systems: From Observation to Prediction
                      (POF3-255)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-255},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)3 / PUB:(DE-HGF)11},
      urn          = {urn:nbn:de:0001-2017120725},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/838934},
}