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@ARTICLE{Xu:840139,
      author       = {Xu, Liangfei and Fang, Chuan and Hu, Junming and Cheng,
                      Siliang and Li, Jianqiu and Ouyang, Minggao and Lehnert,
                      Werner},
      title        = {{S}elf-humidification of a {P}roton {E}lectrolyte
                      {M}embrane {F}uel {C}ell {S}ystem with {C}athodic {E}xhaust
                      {G}as {R}ecirculation},
      journal      = {Journal of electrochemical energy conversion and storage},
      volume       = {15},
      number       = {2},
      issn         = {2381-6872},
      address      = {New York, NY},
      publisher    = {ASME},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2017-07698},
      pages        = {021003},
      year         = {2018},
      abstract     = {Water management is critical for the operation of a polymer
                      electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). For the purposes of
                      high power and long working-lifetime of PEMFCs, external
                      humidifiers are always utilized as a necessary part of
                      balance of plants to keep the imported air and fuel wet.
                      However, they have several disadvantages, and it is
                      beneficial to remove them so as to reduce system volume and
                      to enhance the cold-starting capability. In this paper, a
                      self-humidified PEMFC of an active area 250 cm2 and cell
                      number 320 is proposed and investigated. The imported dry
                      air on the cathode side is mixed with moisty exhaust gas by
                      using a recirculation valve, and the dry hydrogen on the
                      anode side is humidified by back-diffusion water through the
                      membrane. A nonlinear model is set up based on mass
                      transport and energy conservation equations to capture
                      dynamics of gases in the supply and exhaust manifolds, the
                      gas diffusion layers (GDLs), and the membrane. An analysis
                      is conducted to investigate the influences of parameters on
                      dynamic and stable performances. Simulation results show
                      that system performances can be greatly affected by
                      parameters such as air stoichiometry, current density,
                      exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) ratio, and membrane
                      thickness. By accurately controlling the EGR ratio and
                      carefully selecting design and operation parameters, it is
                      probably for a PEMFC without an external humidifier to have
                      similar system efficiency compared to a traditional system.},
      cin          = {IEK-3},
      ddc          = {620},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-3-20101013},
      pnm          = {135 - Fuel Cells (POF3-135)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-135},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000427845700003},
      doi          = {10.1115/1.4038628},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/840139},
}