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@ARTICLE{Andersson:840166,
      author       = {Andersson, Martin and Beale, Steven and Reimer, Uwe and
                      Lehnert, Werner and Stolten, Detlef},
      title        = {{I}nterface {R}esolving {T}wo-phase {F}low {S}imulations in
                      {G}as {C}hannels {R}elevant for {P}olymer {E}lectrolyte
                      {F}uel {C}ells {U}sing the {V}olume of {F}luid {A}pproach},
      journal      = {International journal of hydrogen energy},
      volume       = {43},
      number       = {5},
      issn         = {0360-3199},
      address      = {New York, NY [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2017-07721},
      pages        = {2961-2976},
      year         = {2018},
      abstract     = {With the increased concern about energy security, air
                      pollution and global warming, the possibility of using
                      polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs) in future sustainable
                      and renewable energy systems has achieved considerable
                      momentum. A computational fluid dynamic model describing a
                      straight channel, relevant for water removal inside a PEFC,
                      is devised. A volume of fluid (VOF) approach is employed to
                      investigate the interface resolved two-phase flow behavior
                      inside the gas channel including the gas diffusion layer
                      (GDL) surface. From this study, it is clear that the impact
                      on the two-phase flow pattern for different
                      hydrophobic/hydrophilic characteristics, i.e., contact
                      angles, at the walls and at the GDL surface is significant,
                      compared to a situation where the walls and the interface
                      are neither hydrophobic nor hydrophilic (i.e., 90° contact
                      angle at the walls and also at the GDL surface). A location
                      of the GDL surface liquid inlet in the middle of the gas
                      channel gives droplet formation, while a location at the
                      side of the channel gives corner flow with a convex surface
                      shape (having hydrophilic walls and a hydrophobic GDL
                      interface). Droplet formation only observed when the GDL
                      surface liquid inlet is located in the middle of the
                      channel. The droplet detachment location (along the main
                      flow direction) and the shape of the droplet until
                      detachment are strongly dependent on the size of the liquid
                      inlet at the GDL surface. A smaller liquid inlet at the GDL
                      surface (keeping the mass flow rates constant) gives smaller
                      droplets.},
      cin          = {IEK-3 / JARA-HPC},
      ddc          = {660},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-3-20101013 / $I:(DE-82)080012_20140620$},
      pnm          = {135 - Fuel Cells (POF3-135) / Flexible Simulation of Fuel
                      Cells with OpenFOAM $(jara0070_20131101)$},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-135 / $G:(DE-Juel1)jara0070_20131101$},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000425563200039},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.ijhydene.2017.12.129},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/840166},
}