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@ARTICLE{Wegner:840176,
      author       = {Wegner, Susann and Rutz, Christina and Schütte, Kai and
                      Barthel, Juri and Bushmelev, Alexey and Schmidt, Annette and
                      Dilchert, Katharina and Fischer, Roland A. and Janiak,
                      Christoph},
      title        = {{S}oft, {W}et-{C}hemical {S}ynthesis of {M}etastable
                      {S}uperparamagnetic {H}exagonal {C}lose-{P}acked {N}ickel
                      {N}anoparticles in {D}ifferent {I}onic {L}iquids},
      journal      = {Chemistry - a European journal},
      volume       = {23},
      number       = {26},
      issn         = {0947-6539},
      address      = {Weinheim},
      publisher    = {Wiley-VCH},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2017-07731},
      pages        = {6330 - 6340},
      year         = {2017},
      abstract     = {The microwave-induced decomposition of
                      bis{N,N′-diisopropylacetamidinate}nickel(II)
                      [Ni{MeC(NiPr)2}2] or bis(1,5-cyclooctadiene)nickel(0)
                      [Ni(COD)2] in imidazolium-, pyridinium-, or
                      thiophenium-based ionic liquids (ILs) with different anions
                      (tetrafluoroborate, [BF4]−, hexafluorophosphate, [PF6]−,
                      and bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, [NTf2]−) yields
                      small, uniform nickel nanoparticles (Ni NPs), which are
                      stable in the absence of capping ligands (surfactants) for
                      more than eight weeks. The soft, wet-chemical synthesis
                      yields the metastable Ni hexagonal close-packed (hcp) and
                      not the stable Ni face-centered cubic (fcc) phase. The size
                      of the nickel nanoparticles increases with the molecular
                      volume of the used anions from about 5 nm for [BF4]− to
                      ≈10 nm for [NTf2]− (with 1-alkyl-3-methyl-imidazolium
                      cations). The n-butyl-pyridinium, [BPy]+, cation ILs
                      reproducibly yield very small nickel nanoparticles of
                      2(±1) nm average diameter. The Ni NPs were characterized
                      by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM)
                      and powder X-ray diffraction. An X-ray photoelectron
                      spectroscopic (XPS) analysis shows an increase of the
                      binding energy (EB) of the electron from the Ni 2p3/2
                      orbital of the very small 2(±1) nm diameter Ni particles
                      by about 0.3 eV to EB=853.2 eV compared with bulk Ni0,
                      which is traced to the small cluster size. The Ni
                      nanoparticles show superparamagnetic behavior from 150 K
                      up to room temperature. The saturation magnetization of a Ni
                      (2±1 nm) sample from [BPy][NTf2] is
                      2.08 A m2 kg−1 and of a Ni (10±4 nm) sample from
                      [LMIm][NTf2] it is 0.99 A m2 kg−1,
                      ([LMIm]=1-lauryl-3-methyl- imidazolium). The Ni NPs were
                      active catalysts in IL dispersions for 1-hexene or benzene
                      hydrogenation. Over $90 \%$ conversion was reached under
                      5 bar H2 in 1 h at 100 °C for 1-hexene and a turnover
                      frequency (TOF) up to 1330 molhexane (molNi)−1 h−1
                      or in 60 h at 100 °C for benzene hydrogenation and
                      TOF=23 molcyclohexane (molNi)−1 h−1.},
      cin          = {ER-C-2},
      ddc          = {540},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)ER-C-2-20170209},
      pnm          = {143 - Controlling Configuration-Based Phenomena (POF3-143)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-143},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:28196305},
      UT           = {WOS:000400945500017},
      doi          = {10.1002/chem.201605251},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/840176},
}