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@ARTICLE{Huang:840227,
      author       = {Huang, Xiaolei and Dong, Hui and Qiu, Yang and Li, Bo and
                      Tao, Quan and Zhang, Yi and Krause, Hans-Joachim and
                      Offenhäusser, Andreas and Xie, Xiaoming},
      title        = {{A}daptive suppression of power line interference in
                      ultra-low field magnetic resonance imaging in an unshielded
                      environment},
      journal      = {Journal of magnetic resonance},
      volume       = {286},
      issn         = {1090-7807},
      address      = {Amsterdam [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2017-07781},
      pages        = {52 - 59},
      year         = {2018},
      abstract     = {Power-line harmonic interference and fixed-frequency noise
                      peaks may cause stripe-artifacts in ultra-low field (ULF)
                      magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in an unshielded
                      environment and in a conductively shielded room. In this
                      paper we describe an adaptive suppression method to
                      eliminate these artifacts in MRI images. This technique
                      utilizes spatial correlation of the interference from
                      different positions, and is realized by subtracting the
                      outputs of the reference channel(s) from those of the signal
                      channel (s) using wavelet analysis and the least squares
                      method. The adaptive suppression method is first implemented
                      to remove the image artifacts in simulation. We then
                      experimentally demonstrate the feasibility of this technique
                      by adding three orthogonal superconducting quantum
                      interference device (SQUID) magnetometers as reference
                      channels to compensate the output of one 2nd-order
                      gradiometer. The experimental results show great improvement
                      in the imaging quality in both 1D and 2D MRI images at two
                      common imaging frequencies, 1.3 kHz and 4.8 kHz. At both
                      frequencies, the effective compensation bandwidth is as high
                      as 2 kHz. Furthermore, we examine the longitudinal
                      relaxation times of the same sample before and after
                      compensation, and show that the MRI properties of the sample
                      did not change after applying adaptive suppression. This
                      technique can effectively increase the imaging bandwidth and
                      be applied to ULF MRI detected by either SQUIDs or Faraday
                      coil in both an unshielded environment and a conductively
                      shielded room.},
      cin          = {ICS-8 / JARA-FIT},
      ddc          = {550},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)ICS-8-20110106 / $I:(DE-82)080009_20140620$},
      pnm          = {552 - Engineering Cell Function (POF3-552) / 553 - Physical
                      Basis of Diseases (POF3-553)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-552 / G:(DE-HGF)POF3-553},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:29183004},
      UT           = {WOS:000424071300008},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.jmr.2017.11.009},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/840227},
}