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@ARTICLE{Wirtz:840494,
      author       = {Wirtz, M. and Kreter, A. and Linke, J. and Loewenhoff, Th
                      and Pintsuk, G. and Sergienko, G. and Steudel, I. and
                      Unterberg, B. and Wessel, E.},
      title        = {{H}igh {P}ulse {N}umber {T}hermal {S}hock {T}ests on
                      {T}ungsten {W}ith {S}teady {S}tate {P}article {B}ackground},
      journal      = {Physica scripta},
      volume       = {T170},
      issn         = {1402-4896},
      address      = {Bristol},
      publisher    = {IoP Publ.},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2017-08001},
      pages        = {014066 -},
      year         = {2017},
      abstract     = {Thermal fatigue of metallic materials, which will be
                      exposed to severe environmental conditions e.g. plasma
                      facing materials in future fusion reactors, is an important
                      issue in order to predict the life time of complete wall
                      components. Therefore experiments in the linear plasma
                      device PSI-2 were performed to investigate the synergistic
                      effects of high pulse number thermal shock events (L = 0.38
                      GW m−2, Δt = 0.5 ms) and stationary D/He $(6\%)$ plasma
                      particle background on the thermal fatigue behavior of
                      tungsten. Similar to experiments with pure thermal loads,
                      the induced microstructural and surface modifications such
                      as recrystallization and roughening as well as crack
                      formation become more pronounced with increasing number of
                      thermal shock events. However, the amount of damage
                      significantly increases for synergistic loads showing severe
                      surface roughening, plastic deformation and erosion
                      resulting from the degradation of the mechanical properties
                      caused by bombardment and diffusion of D/He to the surface
                      and the bulk of the material. Additionally, D/He induced
                      blistering and bubble formation were observed for all tested
                      samples, which could change the thermal and mechanical
                      properties of near surface regions.},
      cin          = {IEK-2 / IEK-4},
      ddc          = {530},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-2-20101013 / I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-4-20101013},
      pnm          = {174 - Plasma-Wall-Interaction (POF3-174) / HITEC -
                      Helmholtz Interdisciplinary Doctoral Training in Energy and
                      Climate Research (HITEC) (HITEC-20170406)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-174 / G:(DE-Juel1)HITEC-20170406},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000417694700011},
      doi          = {10.1088/1402-4896/aa909e},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/840494},
}