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@ARTICLE{Heffron:841070,
      author       = {Heffron, Raphael J. and Downes, Lauren and Bysveen, Marie
                      and Brakstad, Elisabeth V. and Mikunda, Tom and Neele, Filip
                      and Eickhoff, Charles and Hanstock, David and Schumann,
                      Diana},
      title        = {{T}hree layers of energy law for examining {CO}2 transport
                      for carbon-capture and storage},
      journal      = {Journal of world energy law $\&$ business},
      volume       = {11},
      number       = {2},
      issn         = {1754-9957},
      address      = {Oxford},
      publisher    = {Oxford Univ. Press},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2017-08170},
      pages        = {93–115},
      year         = {2018},
      abstract     = {This research is a legal analysis concerning four scenarios
                      for cross-border carbon dioxide (CO2) transport that could
                      increase the deployment of carbon-capture and storage (CCS)
                      deployment in Europe. The legal analysis categorizes the law
                      into three levels—international, national and local—and
                      considers the four scenarios in light of these three levels
                      of energy law. Upon reviewing the four scenarios, it is
                      clear that the Rotterdam Nucleus (referred to as the
                      ‘Pilot Case’) is the leading scenario and as a result it
                      is explored in more detail. The potential Pilot Case is
                      based on the development of Rotterdam (in the Netherlands)
                      as a southern North Sea hub. Under this Rotterdam Nucleus
                      scenario, captured CO2 will be transported through the Port
                      of Rotterdam to depleted gas fields offshore the
                      Netherlands. CO2 will also be transported through further
                      links using CCS infrastructure to facilitate the processing
                      of undeveloped gas fields offshore UK. The Pilot case
                      contemplates further expansion opportunities, increasing the
                      capture clusters through additional pipelines, expanding to
                      further gas fields and using the port of Rotterdam for CO2
                      shipping—hence the analysis of the other scenarios may be
                      invaluable in the future development of CO2 networks in the
                      EU. Finally, and an original contribution of this article is
                      that it employs the three lawyers of energy law theoretical
                      framework to an energy problem that was examined by an
                      interdisciplinary research team. Furthermore, this research
                      was developed further through two key industry stakeholder
                      meetings with CCS experts in the EU.},
      cin          = {IEK-STE},
      ddc          = {340},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-STE-20101013},
      pnm          = {153 - Assessment of Energy Systems – Addressing Issues of
                      Energy Efficiency and Energy Security (POF3-153)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-153},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000430162200001},
      doi          = {10.1093/jwelb/jwx035},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/841070},
}