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@ARTICLE{Raijmakers:841133,
      author       = {Raijmakers, L. H. J. and Lammers, M. J. G. and Notten, P.
                      H. L.},
      title        = {{A} new method to compensate impedance artefacts for
                      {L}i-ion batterieswith integrated micro-reference
                      electrodes},
      journal      = {Electrochimica acta},
      volume       = {259},
      issn         = {0013-4686},
      address      = {New York, NY [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2017-08233},
      pages        = {517 - 533},
      year         = {2018},
      abstract     = {In order to measure the electrochemical characteristics of
                      both electrodes inside Li-ion batteries, micro-reference
                      electrodes (μREF) turned out to be very useful. However,
                      measuring the electrochemical impedance with respect to
                      μREF can lead to severe measurement artefacts, making a
                      detailed analysis of the impedance spectra complicated. In
                      the present work a new method is developed in which
                      high-frequency measurement artefacts can be compensated. A
                      theoretical analysis, using equivalent circuit models of the
                      measurement setups, shows that if two different impedance
                      measurements are averaged, the impedance contributions from
                      the measurement leads can be completely eliminated. The
                      theoretical analysis is validated using Li-ion batteries
                      with seven integrated μREF, having all different
                      impedances. The measurement results show that artefacts are
                      dominating for high-impedance μREF in the high frequency
                      range. However, these artefacts can be fully compensated by
                      averaging two separate impedance measurements, as predicted
                      by theory. This easily makes it possible to perform
                      artefact-free impedance measurements, even at high
                      frequencies.},
      cin          = {IEK-9},
      ddc          = {540},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-9-20110218},
      pnm          = {131 - Electrochemical Storage (POF3-131)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-131},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000423968600058},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.electacta.2017.10.132},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/841133},
}