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@ARTICLE{Qiu:841708,
      author       = {Qiu, Diankai and Peng, Linfa and Lai, Xinmin and Meng, Ni
                      and Lehnert, Werner},
      title        = {{M}echanical {F}ailure and {M}itigation {S}trategies for
                      the {M}embrane in a {P}roton {E}xchance {M}embrane {F}uel
                      {C}ell},
      journal      = {Renewable $\&$ sustainable energy reviews},
      volume       = {113},
      issn         = {1364-0321},
      address      = {Amsterdam [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier Science},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2018-00016},
      pages        = {109289 -},
      year         = {2019},
      abstract     = {Proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells are promising
                      zero-emission power source for automobiles, portable
                      devices, backup power system and stationary applications.
                      However, their relatively short lifespan remains a major
                      obstacle to the commercial deployment of this type of fuel
                      cell. The membrane's mechanical degradation is the main
                      cause of early-stage failure in fuel cell lifetimes. In
                      order to provide engineers and researchers with a basis for
                      extending fuel cell durability, this paper presents an
                      overview of important issues relating to mechanical failure
                      and mitigation strategies for PEM fuel cell membranes,
                      drawing on a survey of the existing literature. This review
                      begins with a sketch of failure mechanisms in an effort to
                      establish an unambiguous definition of membrane degradation
                      in each stage of its lifespan. The material properties of
                      typical membranes are outlined below to illustrate the
                      fundamentals of their mechanical behavior and cell
                      degradation. Following the lifespan of a membrane, the
                      causes and mechanisms of mechanical degradation in the
                      fabrication process, cell assembly process, short-term phase
                      and long-term phase of cell operation are discussed in
                      detail. Practical strategies for reducing the degradation
                      rate are introduced to each process. Finally, in-situ and
                      ex-situ methods for the evaluation and characterization of
                      mechanical durability are summarized to pursue the
                      measurement methods and protocols of membranes. The aim is
                      to assess which mechanisms affect the mechanical failure of
                      membranes and how degradation should be mitigated across the
                      entire lifetime of fuel cells. A summary of further work in
                      this area is also provided to give a direction to future
                      research.},
      cin          = {IEK-3},
      ddc          = {620},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-3-20101013},
      pnm          = {135 - Fuel Cells (POF3-135)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-135},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000483422600056},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.rser.2019.109289},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/841708},
}