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@ARTICLE{Reuss:841714,
      author       = {Reuss, Markus and Reul, Julian and Grube, Thomas and
                      Langemann, Manuel and Calnan, S. and Robinius, Martin and
                      Schlatmann, Rutger and Rau, Uwe and Stolten, Detlef},
      title        = {{S}olar {H}ydrogen {P}roduction: {A} {B}ottom-up {A}nalysis
                      of {D}ifferent {P}hotovoltaic-{E}lectrolysis {P}athway9},
      journal      = {Sustainable energy $\&$ fuels},
      volume       = {3},
      number       = {3},
      issn         = {2398-4902},
      address      = {Cambridge},
      publisher    = {Royal Society of Chemistry},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2018-00022},
      pages        = {801-803},
      year         = {2019},
      abstract     = {The conventional energy system is undergoing a
                      transformation towards renewable energy technologies, as
                      society strives for sustainable and green energy supply.
                      This has created challenges, such as spatial and temporal
                      imbalances of energy demand and feed-in arising from
                      volatile renewable energy resources. A possible solution to
                      this challenge is presented by hydrogen as a versatile
                      chemical storage medium. Promising technologies for
                      producing hydrogen from renewable energy include the
                      production pathways photoelectrolysis (PEC) and
                      photovoltaic–electrolysis (PV–EL). This paper examines
                      three production pathways which differ in the connection and
                      integration of the constituent photovoltaic (PV) and
                      electrolysis (EL) subsystems by modelling the integrated
                      system's behaviour under the various device designs and
                      operational conditions. The model is based on the
                      electrochemical processes and addresses losses and how the
                      overall performance can be enhanced, in contrast to
                      literature-based models. The efficiency of the subsystems,
                      as well as the coupling efficiency, are predicted under
                      various conditions, enabling the determination of optimum
                      design and operational parameters. This analysis is enhanced
                      by an application of the PV–EL pathways to the hourly
                      weather conditions of Jülich, Germany. The solar to
                      hydrogen efficiency was found to drop as the level of
                      integration increased. The study showed that varying weather
                      conditions strongly affect the efficiency of integrated
                      systems and should be further taken into account for future
                      improvement and cost estimations of integrated device
                      performance.},
      cin          = {IEK-3},
      ddc          = {660},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-3-20101013},
      pnm          = {134 - Electrolysis and Hydrogen (POF3-134) / ES2050 -
                      Energie Sytem 2050 (ES2050)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-134 / G:(DE-HGF)ES2050},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000467218700014},
      doi          = {10.1039/C9SE00007K},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/841714},
}