000842030 001__ 842030 000842030 005__ 20240712100908.0 000842030 0247_ $$2doi$$a10.5194/amt-2017-467 000842030 0247_ $$2Handle$$a2128/16485 000842030 0247_ $$2altmetric$$aaltmetric:31456953 000842030 037__ $$aFZJ-2018-00314 000842030 082__ $$a550 000842030 1001_ $$00000-0003-2941-7734$$aLópez-Puertas, Manuel$$b0$$eCorresponding author 000842030 245__ $$aMIPAS Observations of Ozone in the Middle Atmosphere 000842030 260__ $$aKatlenburg-Lindau$$bCopernicus$$c2017 000842030 3367_ $$2DRIVER$$aarticle 000842030 3367_ $$2DataCite$$aOutput Types/Journal article 000842030 3367_ $$0PUB:(DE-HGF)16$$2PUB:(DE-HGF)$$aJournal Article$$bjournal$$mjournal$$s1515597384_4337 000842030 3367_ $$2BibTeX$$aARTICLE 000842030 3367_ $$2ORCID$$aJOURNAL_ARTICLE 000842030 3367_ $$00$$2EndNote$$aJournal Article 000842030 520__ $$aIn this paper we describe the stratospheric and mesospheric ozone (version V5r_O3_m22) distributions retrieved from MIPAS observations in the three middle atmosphere modes (MA, NLC and UA) taken with an unapodized spectral resolution of 0.0625 cm−1 from 2005 until April 2012. O3 is retrieved from microwindows in the 14.8 μm and 10 μm spectral regions and requires non-LTE modelling of the O3 v1 and v3 vibrational levels. Ozone is reliably retrieved from 20 km in the MA mode (40 km for UA and NLC) up to ~ 105 km during dark conditions and up to ~ 95 km during illuminated conditions. Daytime MIPAS O3 has an average vertical resolution of 3–4 km below 70 km, 6–8 km at 70–80 km, 8–10 km at 80–90 km and 5–7 km at the secondary maximum (90–100 km). For nighttime conditions the vertical resolution is similar below 70 km, and better in the upper mesosphere and lower thermosphere: 4–6 km at 70–100 km, 4–5 km at the secondary maximum, and 6–8 km at 100–105 km. The noise error for daytime conditions is typically smaller than 2 % below 50 km, 2–10 % between 50 and 70 km, 10–20 % at 70–90 km and ~ 30 % above 95 km. For nighttime, the noise errors are very similar below around 70 km but significantly smaller above, being 10–20 % at 75–95 km, 20–30 % at 95–100 km and larger than 30 % above 100 km. The additional major O3 errors are the spectroscopic data uncertainties below 50 km (10–12 %), and the non-LTE and temperature errors above 70 km. The validation performed suggests that the spectroscopic errors below 50 km, mainly caused by the O3 air-broadened half-widths of the v2 band, are overestimated. The non-LTE error (including the uncertainty of atomic oxygen at nighttime) is relevant only above ~ 85 km with values of 15–20 %. The temperature error varies from ~ 3 % up to 80 km to 15–20 % near 100 km. Between 50 and 70 km, the pointing and spectroscopic errors are the dominant uncertainties. The validation performed in comparisons with SABER, GOMOS, MLS, SMILES and ACE-FTS shows that MIPAS O3 has an accuracy better than 5 % at and below 50 km, with a positive bias of a few percent. In the 50–75 km region, MIPAS O3 has a positive bias of ~ 10 %, which is possibly caused in part by O3 spectroscopic errors in the 10 μm region. Between 75 and 90 km, MIPAS nighttime O3 is in agreement with other instruments by 10 %, but for daytime the agreement is slightly larger, ~ 10–20 %. Above 90 km, MIPAS daytime O3 is in agreement with other instruments by 10 %. At nighttime, however, it shows a positive bias increasing from 10 % at 90 km to 20 % at 95–100 km, the latter of which is attributed to the large atomic oxygen abundance used. We also present MIPAS O3 distributions as function of altitude, latitude and time, showing the major O3 features in the middle and upper mesosphere. In addition to the rapid diurnal variation due to photochemistry, the data also show apparent signatures of the diurnal migrating tide, both during day and nighttime, as well as the effects of the semi-annual oscillation above ~ 70 km in the tropics and mid-latitudes. The tropical daytime O3 at 90 km shows a solar signature in phase with the solar cycle. 000842030 536__ $$0G:(DE-HGF)POF3-244$$a244 - Composition and dynamics of the upper troposphere and middle atmosphere (POF3-244)$$cPOF3-244$$fPOF III$$x0 000842030 588__ $$aDataset connected to CrossRef 000842030 7001_ $$00000-0003-2323-4486$$aGarcía-Comas, Maya$$b1 000842030 7001_ $$00000-0003-0462-4702$$aFunke, Bernd$$b2 000842030 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aGardini, Angela$$b3 000842030 7001_ $$00000-0003-2883-6873$$aStiller, Gabriele P.$$b4 000842030 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$avon Clarmann, Thomas$$b5 000842030 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aGlatthor, Norbert$$b6 000842030 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aLaeng, Alexandra$$b7 000842030 7001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)129128$$aKaufmann, Martin$$b8$$ufzj 000842030 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aSofieva, Viktoria F.$$b9 000842030 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aFroidevaux, Lucien$$b10 000842030 7001_ $$00000-0003-3420-9454$$aWalker, Kaley A.$$b11 000842030 7001_ $$0P:(DE-HGF)0$$aShiotani, Masato$$b12 000842030 773__ $$0PERI:(DE-600)2507817-3$$a10.5194/amt-2017-467$$gp. 1 - 35$$p1 - 35$$tAtmospheric measurement techniques discussions$$v467$$x1867-8610$$y2017 000842030 8564_ $$uhttps://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/842030/files/amt-2017-467.pdf$$yOpenAccess 000842030 8564_ $$uhttps://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/842030/files/amt-2017-467.gif?subformat=icon$$xicon$$yOpenAccess 000842030 8564_ $$uhttps://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/842030/files/amt-2017-467.jpg?subformat=icon-1440$$xicon-1440$$yOpenAccess 000842030 8564_ $$uhttps://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/842030/files/amt-2017-467.jpg?subformat=icon-180$$xicon-180$$yOpenAccess 000842030 8564_ $$uhttps://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/842030/files/amt-2017-467.jpg?subformat=icon-640$$xicon-640$$yOpenAccess 000842030 8564_ $$uhttps://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/842030/files/amt-2017-467.pdf?subformat=pdfa$$xpdfa$$yOpenAccess 000842030 909CO $$ooai:juser.fz-juelich.de:842030$$pdnbdelivery$$pVDB$$pdriver$$popen_access$$popenaire 000842030 9101_ $$0I:(DE-588b)5008462-8$$6P:(DE-Juel1)129128$$aForschungszentrum Jülich$$b8$$kFZJ 000842030 9131_ $$0G:(DE-HGF)POF3-244$$1G:(DE-HGF)POF3-240$$2G:(DE-HGF)POF3-200$$3G:(DE-HGF)POF3$$4G:(DE-HGF)POF$$aDE-HGF$$bErde und Umwelt$$lAtmosphäre und Klima$$vComposition and dynamics of the upper troposphere and middle atmosphere$$x0 000842030 9141_ $$y2017 000842030 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0600$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bEbsco Academic Search 000842030 915__ $$0LIC:(DE-HGF)CCBY4$$2HGFVOC$$aCreative Commons Attribution CC BY 4.0 000842030 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0501$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bDOAJ Seal 000842030 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0500$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bDOAJ 000842030 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0510$$2StatID$$aOpenAccess 000842030 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0030$$2StatID$$aPeer Review$$bASC 000842030 9201_ $$0I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-7-20101013$$kIEK-7$$lStratosphäre$$x0 000842030 9801_ $$aFullTexts 000842030 980__ $$ajournal 000842030 980__ $$aVDB 000842030 980__ $$aUNRESTRICTED 000842030 980__ $$aI:(DE-Juel1)IEK-7-20101013 000842030 981__ $$aI:(DE-Juel1)ICE-4-20101013