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@ARTICLE{Matthias:842039,
      author       = {Matthias, Vivien and Ern, Manfred},
      title        = {{O}n the origin of the mesospheric quasi-stationary
                      planetary waves in the unusual {A}rctic winter 2015/16},
      journal      = {Atmospheric chemistry and physics / Discussions},
      volume       = {1051},
      issn         = {1680-7375},
      address      = {Katlenburg-Lindau},
      publisher    = {EGU},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2018-00323},
      pages        = {1 - 20},
      year         = {2017},
      abstract     = {The mid winter 2015/16 was characterized by an unusually
                      strong polar night jet (PNJ) and by extraordinarily large
                      stationary planetary wave (SPW) amplitudes in the
                      subtropical mesosphere. The aim of this study is to find the
                      origin of these mesospheric SPWs in mid winter 2015/16. The
                      time period studied here is split into two time periods. The
                      first period runs from late December 2015 until early
                      January 2016 and the second period from early January until
                      mid January 2016. While the SPW 1 dominates in the
                      subtropical mesosphere in Period I, it is the SPW 2 that
                      dominates in Period II. There are three possibilities how
                      SPWs can occur in the mesosphere: 1) they propagate upward
                      from the stratosphere, 2) they are in situ generated by
                      longitudinally variable gravity wave (GW) drag, or 3) they
                      are in situ generated by barotropic and/or baroclinic
                      instabilities. Using global satellite observations from the
                      Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) and from the Sounding of the
                      Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry (SABER) the
                      origin of the mesospheric SPWs is investigated for both time
                      periods. We found that due to the strong PNJ the SPWs were
                      not able to propagate upward into the mesosphere northward
                      of 50°N but were deflected upward and equatorward into the
                      subtropical mesosphere. We show that the SPWs observed in
                      the subtropical mesosphere are the same SPWs as in the
                      mid-latitudinal stratosphere. At the same time we found
                      evidence that the mesospheric SPWs in polar latitudes were
                      in situ generated by longitudinally variable GW drag and
                      that there is a mixture of in situ generation by
                      longitudinally variable GW drag and by instabilities in mid
                      latitudes. Our results based on observations show that every
                      three mechanisms, upward propagating SPW and in situ
                      generated SPWs by longitudinally variable GW drag and
                      instabilities can act at the same time which confirms
                      earlier model studies. Additionally, a possible contribution
                      or impact of the unusually strong SPWs in the subtropical
                      mesosphere to the disruption of the QBO in the same winter
                      is discussed.},
      cin          = {IEK-7},
      ddc          = {550},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-7-20101013},
      pnm          = {244 - Composition and dynamics of the upper troposphere and
                      middle atmosphere (POF3-244)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-244},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      doi          = {10.5194/acp-2017-1051},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/842039},
}