TY  - JOUR
AU  - Volkov, Oleksandr
AU  - Kovalev, Kirill
AU  - polovinkin
AU  - Borshchevskiy, Valentin
AU  - Bamann, Christian
AU  - Astashkin, Roman
AU  - Marin, Egor
AU  - Popov, Alexander
AU  - Balandin, Taras
AU  - Willbold, Dieter
AU  - Büldt, Georg
AU  - Bamberg, Ernst
AU  - Gordeliy, Valentin
TI  - Structural insights into ion conduction by channelrhodopsin 2
JO  - Science
VL  - 358
IS  - 6366
SN  - 0193-4511
CY  - Washington, DC [u.a.]
PB  - American Association for the Advancement of Science
M1  - FZJ-2018-00410
SP  - eaan8862
PY  - 2017
AB  - Ion channels are integral membrane proteins that upon stimulation modulate the flow of ions across the cell or organelle membrane. The resulting electrical signals are involved in biological functions such as electrochemical transmission and information processing in neurons. Channelrhodopsins (ChRs) appear to be unusual channels. They belong to the large family of microbial rhodopsins, seven-helical transmembrane proteins containing retinal as chromophore. Photon absorption initiates retinal isomerization resulting in a photocycle, with different spectroscopically distinguishable intermediates, thereby controlling the opening and closing of the channel. In 2003, it was demonstrated that light-induced currents by heterologously expressed ChR2 can be used to change a host’s membrane potential. The concept was further applied to precisely control muscle and neural activity by using light-induced depolarization to trigger an action potential in neurons expressing ChR2. This optogenetic approach with ChR2 and other ChRs has been widely used for remote control of neural cells in culture and in living animals with high spatiotemporal resolution. It is also used in biomedical studies aimed to cure severe diseases.
LB  - PUB:(DE-HGF)16
C6  - pmid:29170206
UR  - <Go to ISI:>//WOS:000416590400032
DO  - DOI:10.1126/science.aan8862
UR  - https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/842131
ER  -