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@ARTICLE{SchlottkeLakemper:842367,
      author       = {Schlottke-Lakemper, Michael and Yu, Hans and Berger, Sven
                      and Meinke, Matthias and Schröder, Wolfgang},
      title        = {{A} fully coupled hybrid computational aeroacoustics method
                      on hierarchical {C}artesian meshes},
      journal      = {Computers $\&$ fluids},
      volume       = {144},
      issn         = {0045-7930},
      address      = {Amsterdam [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier Science},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2018-00608},
      pages        = {137 - 153},
      year         = {2017},
      abstract     = {Hybrid computational fluid dynamics (CFD) – computational
                      aeroacoustics (CAA) schemes are the standard method for
                      aeroacoustics simulations. This approach requires the
                      exchange of information between the CFD and the CAA step,
                      which is usually accomplished by storing acoustic source
                      data. This data exchange procedure, however, poses two
                      problems when such hybrid methods are used for large-scale
                      problems with $O(10^9)$ degrees of freedom: On the one hand,
                      the required disk space becomes large and reaches hundreds
                      of terabytes for a single simulation. On the other hand, the
                      parallel scalability of the overall numerical scheme is
                      limited by the available I/O bandwidth, which typically
                      peaks between 5,000 and 10,000 cores. To avoid these
                      problems, a highly scalable direct-hybrid scheme is
                      presented, in which both the flow and the acoustics
                      simulations run simultaneously. That is, all data between
                      the two solvers is transferred in-memory, avoiding the
                      restrictions of the I/O subsystem. Both solvers operate on a
                      joint hierarchical Cartesian grid, which enables efficient
                      parallelization and dynamic load balancing and inherently
                      supports local mesh refinement. To demonstrate the
                      capabilities of the new scheme, the aeroacoustic field of a
                      co-rotating vortex pair is computed. The results show that
                      the direct-hybrid method is able to efficiently predict the
                      acoustic pressure field and that it is suitable for highly
                      parallel simulations. Furthermore, in comparison to the
                      hybrid method with data exchange via disk I/O, the novel
                      approach shows superior performance when scaling to
                      thousands of cores.},
      ddc          = {004},
      pnm          = {511 - Computational Science and Mathematical Methods
                      (POF3-511) / PhD no Grant - Doktorand ohne besondere
                      Förderung (PHD-NO-GRANT-20170405) / Prediction of jet
                      engine noise $(jhpc23_20151101)$},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-511 / G:(DE-Juel1)PHD-NO-GRANT-20170405 /
                      $G:(DE-Juel1)jhpc23_20151101$},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.compfluid.2016.12.001},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/842367},
}