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@INPROCEEDINGS{Wilkner:842488,
      author       = {Wilkner, Kai},
      title        = {{M}embrane performance tests in flue gas of fossil power
                      plants},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2018-00713},
      year         = {2017},
      abstract     = {Carbon capture and storage or utilization is a key
                      technology to decrease CO2 emissions from conventional power
                      plants, until cost efficient energy supply from renewable
                      sources is possible. Membrane-based systems to capture CO2
                      from flue gas streams are considered a promising alternative
                      to conventional absorption technology. Such an application
                      sets a number of challenges towards the membrane, e.g.
                      performance, stability, integrity, durability etc. For this
                      reason, only experiments performed under real flue gas
                      conditions could attest the membrane operation in a coal
                      power plant.In the present work the effect of coal power
                      plant exhaust gas on the performance of different kinds of
                      membranes is investigated. Testing membranes in real flue
                      gas represent a new approach, as testing under simulated
                      flue gas conditions has already been undertaken. The
                      exposure and performance experiments were carried out in a
                      lignite-fueled and a hard-coal-fueled power plant, both
                      offering significant variation in the flue gas compositions.
                      A test rig was specially designed to enable the direct
                      membrane contact with unconditioned flue gas inside the
                      exhaust gas channel, while a second test rig was developed
                      to test membrane samples with pre-treated (dehumidified and
                      dust free) flue gas. Thanks to an integrated analythical
                      system, the in-situ permeance and selectivity of the
                      membrane can be continuously monitored. Different kinds of
                      membranes have been tested including microporous silica
                      based membranes with different modifications, as well as two
                      kinds of polymeric membranes. The newer coal-fired power
                      plants work under high water content of up to 30 $vol.\%$
                      and a relative humidity (RH) of 100 $\%.$ Gases (e.g. SO2,
                      NOx) and alkaline species (e.g. Na, K) are dissolved in the
                      present water resulting in highly aggressive condensate on
                      the membrane surface and in the intermediate layers which
                      inevitably leads to severe corrosion of all materials in
                      contact with it. Under such condition, no membrane could be
                      able to operate. Using the new test rig setup and
                      pre-treating the flue gas to a low dew point and low
                      relative humidity, the lifetime of the membranes could be
                      significantly extended. In any case, also the operation
                      under pre-conditioned flue gas is associated with some
                      losses in selectivity and permeance for all tested
                      membranes, for which the degradation mechanisms have to be
                      still identified and understood.Aiming to achieve better
                      comprehension of the individual damage mechanisms and the
                      influence of the different functional layers, the gas flows
                      in the membrane cell and the gas transport through the
                      membrane assembly must be considered and better understood.
                      By this, further development of the membranes would be
                      significantly supported. Hence, the talk would give an
                      outlook on forthcoming activities as the development of
                      computational fluid dynamics models to map both the test
                      cells and the different layers of the membrane.},
      month         = {Nov},
      date          = {2017-11-16},
      organization  = {University of Twente Enschede
                       (Netherlands), 16 Nov 2017 - 16 Nov
                       2017},
      subtyp        = {Invited},
      cin          = {IEK-1},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-1-20101013},
      pnm          = {113 - Methods and Concepts for Material Development
                      (POF3-113)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-113},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)31},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/842488},
}