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@INPROCEEDINGS{Jalil:842684,
      author       = {Jalil, Abdur Rehman and Schüffelgen, Peter and Rosenbach,
                      Daniel and Schleenvoigt, Michael and Schmitt, Tobias and
                      Mussler, Gregor and Luysberg, Martina and Bennemann,
                      Benjamin and Trellenkamp, Stefan and Schäpers, Thomas and
                      Grützmacher, Detlev},
      title        = {{I}n-{S}itu {F}abricated {L}ow-{D}imensional {T}opological
                      {I}nsulator - {S}uperconductor {H}ybrid {J}unctions: {A}
                      {P}latform for {M}ajorana {F}ermions},
      school       = {RWTH Aachen},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2018-00891},
      year         = {2018},
      abstract     = {Topological Insulators are relatively a new class of
                      materials in condensed matter physics that exhibit
                      insulating bulk band structure with linearly dispersed and
                      spin polarized metallic surface states which arise from the
                      band inversion caused by the strong spin-orbit interactions.
                      Helical spin texture in these surface states prohibits
                      direct backscattering that makes such materials exotic for
                      spintronic applications. On the other hand, the hybrid
                      structures of three-dimensional topological insulator and
                      s-wave superconductor with p-wave pair correlation symmetry,
                      in low-dimensional systems, are predicted to give rise to
                      confined quasiparticle excitations at the interface called
                      Majorana Zero Modes (MZMs) that act as the basic building
                      blocks of a topological quantum bit for the fault tolerant
                      quantum computation. A stepwise overview of the all
                      challenges and achievements in obtaining low dimensional
                      hybrid TI-SC devices including the novel device fabrication
                      techniques to high quality topological insulator thin film
                      growth, from prevention of degradation of TI surface states
                      to in-situ lithography techniques, is presented.TI thin
                      films are selectively grown on the pre-designed nano-scale
                      patterns using molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) and are
                      characterized at ultra-low temperatures. Selective area
                      growth (SAG) technique facilitated the minimum requirement
                      of fabrication steps after the TI growth. High quality films
                      of binary topological compounds based on Bismuth, Antimony,
                      Tellurium and Selenium are grown and investigated. In the Te
                      based compounds the Fermi level is tailored to the Dirac
                      Point (DP) using a p-n junction heterostructures, and
                      improved with reduced point defects, using the ternary
                      BixSb(2-x)Te3 system. Surface degradation and aging issue is
                      encountered with capping the TI with thin film of
                      aluminum-oxide on top. Superconducting contacts are prepared
                      utilizing the pre-standardized techniques of stencil
                      lithography and on-chip fabricated shadow mask and hence
                      low-dimensional Joseph Junctions (JJ) of various geometries
                      have been prepared. Transport studies performed focus on
                      quantum oscillations in magneto-conductance measurements as
                      well as on induced superconductivity facilitating
                      superconducting leads with a contact separation of only a
                      few tens of nanometers. In the TI-SC hybrid devices, the
                      initial signatures of 4-π periodic supercurrent and missing
                      first Shapiro step are observed. Systems with WTI and TCI
                      phases are the subject of future investigations.},
      month         = {Jan},
      date          = {2018-01-08},
      organization  = {658. WE-Heraeus-Seminar on ‘Spins
                       out of equilibrium: Manipulating and
                       detecting quantum magnets’, Bad
                       Honnef (Germany), 8 Jan 2018 - 10 Jan
                       2018},
      subtyp        = {Plenary/Keynote},
      cin          = {PGI-9 / PGI-10 / ER-C-1 / HNF},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)PGI-9-20110106 / I:(DE-Juel1)PGI-10-20170113 /
                      I:(DE-Juel1)ER-C-1-20170209 / I:(DE-Juel1)HNF-20170116},
      pnm          = {522 - Controlling Spin-Based Phenomena (POF3-522)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-522},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)24},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/842684},
}