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@ARTICLE{Dohrn:844853,
      author       = {Dohrn, Matthias and Müller, Michael},
      title        = {{I}nfluence of {L}oad {C}hanges on the {D}eposit {B}ehavior
                      during {C}ombustion of {F}ive {D}ifferent {H}ard {C}oals},
      journal      = {Energy $\&$ fuels},
      volume       = {32},
      number       = {3},
      issn         = {1520-5029},
      address      = {Columbus, Ohio},
      publisher    = {American Chemical Society},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2018-02204},
      pages        = {3985 - 3994},
      year         = {2018},
      abstract     = {This work focuses on the influence of cyclic temperature
                      profiles on the sintering behavior of hard coal ashes. To
                      extract mechanisms, all ashes are fully characterized
                      concerning chemical and mineralogical composition and
                      thermal behavior including the characterization of the
                      decomposition species and the ash fusion test with two
                      different setups. Also, the characterization should ensure a
                      broad variability of chemical and mineralogical
                      compositions. To determine sintering effects, the sintering
                      strength test was used in combination with mass and density
                      change analysis. All samples were investigated at 12
                      different temperature profiles, whereas four include
                      different cycling conditions, four use isothermal short-term
                      conditions, and four use isothermal long-term conditions. In
                      addition, the effect of the preparation load for this
                      experiment was examined. Although all ashes contain similar
                      amounts of the common hard coal ash main components like
                      SiO2, Al2O3, and Fe2O3, they still differ a lot in alkaline
                      and alkaline earth elements. Besides, every coal ash
                      contains a prominent mineral, which could characterize the
                      ash. The measurement results from the different temperature
                      profiles indicate many influences of certain minerals and
                      also an alkali threshold of nonreactivity was detected and
                      quantified. To sum up, most cycled samples revealed results
                      similar to those of the isothermal investigated samples at
                      950 °C. However, the possibility for lower and higher
                      sintering due to cycled temperatures profiles was proofed
                      and responsible minerals and chemical circumstances were
                      identified.},
      cin          = {IEK-2},
      ddc          = {620},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-2-20101013},
      pnm          = {111 - Efficient and Flexible Power Plants (POF3-111)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-111},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000428003800134},
      doi          = {10.1021/acs.energyfuels.7b04020},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/844853},
}