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@ARTICLE{Stenzel:846009,
      author       = {Stenzel, Peter and Schreiber, Andrea and Marx, Josefine and
                      Wulf, Christina and Schreieder, Michael and Stephan, Lars},
      title        = {{E}nvironmental impacts of electricity generation for
                      {G}raciosa {I}sland, {A}zores},
      journal      = {Journal of energy storage},
      volume       = {15},
      issn         = {2352-152X},
      address      = {Amsterdam [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2018-03179},
      pages        = {292 - 303},
      year         = {2018},
      abstract     = {The Graciosa project combines a large scale battery energy
                      storage system with renewable electricity generation from
                      wind power and photovoltaics in a hybrid power plant to
                      reduce the environmental impacts caused by the previous
                      electricity generation by 100 $\%$ Diesel combustion on
                      Graciosa Island, Azores. The goal of this contribution is to
                      assess and compare the selected environmental impacts
                      related to the electricity generation of the previous and
                      the new system by using Life Cycle Assessment. To accomplish
                      this goal, all energy and material flows that occur during
                      production, use and recycling/disposal of the electricity
                      generating systems are quantified and evaluated. The results
                      of the Life Cycle Assessment show a reduction of
                      environmental impacts of approx. $43\%$ due to the
                      transformation to the hybrid electricity supply system with
                      high shares of renewable energies $(65\%).$ In the new
                      electricity supply system, the majority of environmental
                      impacts $(>60\%)$ is still caused by the remaining Diesel
                      based electricity generation. Environmental impacts, which
                      are associated with the construction of the large scale
                      battery energy storage system, account for only $6\%$ of
                      total impacts. Wind power and photovoltaics account for
                      $18\%$ and $14\%,$ respectively.},
      cin          = {IEK-STE / IEK-3 / JARA-ENERGY},
      ddc          = {333.7},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-STE-20101013 / I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-3-20101013 /
                      $I:(DE-82)080011_20140620$},
      pnm          = {153 - Assessment of Energy Systems – Addressing Issues of
                      Energy Efficiency and Energy Security (POF3-153)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-153},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000426619500026},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.est.2017.12.002},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/846009},
}