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@ARTICLE{Groh:848253,
      author       = {Groh, Jannis and Slawitsch, Veronika and Herndl, Markus and
                      Graf, Alexander and Vereecken, Harry and Pütz, Thomas},
      title        = {{D}etermining dew and hoar frost formation for a low
                      mountain range and alpine grassland site by weighable
                      lysimeter},
      journal      = {Journal of hydrology},
      volume       = {563},
      issn         = {0022-1694},
      address      = {Amsterdam [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2018-03515},
      pages        = {372 - 381},
      year         = {2018},
      abstract     = {Non-rainfall events like dew or hoar frost formation are
                      often neglected in the water budget, because either assumed
                      to be too small or their determination requires time
                      consuming and difficult measurements. These events supply in
                      many dryland ecosystems a substantial amount of water, but
                      their role for northern humid ecosystems is largely unknown.
                      There is a general need to quantify the ecological relevance
                      for ecosystems of the water amount from dew and hoar frost
                      formation. Weighable precision lysimeters were used to
                      determine dew and hoar frost formation for a low mountain
                      range and alpine grassland site for the hydrological years
                      2013–2015.Together dew and hoar frost formation ranged on
                      a yearly basis between 42.1 and 67.7 mm, which corresponds
                      to $4.2–6\%$ of the total annual amount of precipitation.
                      In drier months dew and hoar frost contributed up to
                      $16.1\%$ of total monthly precipitation amount. In winter
                      months dew and hoar frost formation contributed up to $38\%$
                      to the total monthly precipitation amount. Our investigation
                      suggests, that dew and hoar frost formation are of
                      ecological importance during droughts as well as cold
                      periods. The amounts and seasonal patterns of dew and hoar
                      frost formation could be predicted relatively well, based on
                      standard meteorological variables with the Penman-Monteith
                      equation. However, our results also showed, that the surface
                      energy balance model from Penman-Monteith underestimated the
                      amount of dew and hoar frost during colder periods and
                      specific meteorological site conditions (i.e. high wind
                      speeds at night). The mean underestimation between
                      calculated and measured dew and hoar frost on a yearly scale
                      were $63.2\%$ and $16.6\%$ at Rollesbroich and Gumpenstein,
                      respectively. Dew and hoar frost formation contributes
                      substantially to the water budgets of a low mountain range
                      and alpine grassland.},
      cin          = {IBG-3},
      ddc          = {690},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IBG-3-20101118},
      pnm          = {255 - Terrestrial Systems: From Observation to Prediction
                      (POF3-255)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-255},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000441492700030},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.jhydrol.2018.06.009},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/848253},
}