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@ARTICLE{Goldsche:849695,
      author       = {Goldsche, Matthias and Sonntag, Jens and Khodkov, Tymofiy
                      and Verbiest, Gerard Jan and Reichardt, Sven and Neumann,
                      Christoph and Ouaj, Taoufiq and von den Driesch, Nils and
                      Buca, Dan Mihai and Stampfer, Christoph},
      title        = {{T}ailoring {M}echanically {T}unable {S}train {F}ields in
                      {G}raphene},
      journal      = {Nano letters},
      volume       = {18},
      number       = {3},
      issn         = {1530-6992},
      address      = {Washington, DC},
      publisher    = {ACS Publ.},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2018-03831},
      pages        = {1707 - 1713},
      year         = {2018},
      abstract     = {There are a number of theoretical proposals based on strain
                      engineering of graphene and other two-dimensional materials,
                      however purely mechanical control of strain fields in these
                      systems has remained a major challenge. The two approaches
                      mostly used so far either couple the electrical and
                      mechanical properties of the system simultaneously or
                      introduce some unwanted disturbances due to the substrate.
                      Here, we report on silicon micromachined comb-drive
                      actuators to controllably and reproducibly induce strain in
                      a suspended graphene sheet in an entirely mechanical way. We
                      use spatially resolved confocal Raman spectroscopy to
                      quantify the induced strain, and we show that different
                      strain fields can be obtained by engineering the clamping
                      geometry, including tunable strain gradients of up to
                      $1.4\%/μm.$ Our approach also allows for multiple axis
                      straining and is equally applicable to other two-dimensional
                      materials, opening the door to investigating their
                      mechanical and electromechanical properties. Our
                      measurements also clearly identify defects at the edges of a
                      graphene sheet as being weak spots responsible for its
                      mechanical failure.},
      cin          = {PGI-9 / JARA-FIT},
      ddc          = {540},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)PGI-9-20110106 / $I:(DE-82)080009_20140620$},
      pnm          = {521 - Controlling Electron Charge-Based Phenomena
                      (POF3-521)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-521},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:29425440},
      UT           = {WOS:000427910600020},
      doi          = {10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b04774},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/849695},
}