000849936 001__ 849936 000849936 005__ 20210129234347.0 000849936 0247_ $$2doi$$a10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.06.048 000849936 0247_ $$2ISSN$$a0306-2619 000849936 0247_ $$2ISSN$$a1872-9118 000849936 0247_ $$2WOS$$aWOS:000447479400080 000849936 037__ $$aFZJ-2018-04031 000849936 082__ $$a620 000849936 1001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)130482$$aSchlör, H.$$b0$$eCorresponding author 000849936 245__ $$aThe energy-mineral-society nexus – A social LCA model 000849936 260__ $$aAmsterdam [u.a.]$$bElsevier Science$$c2018 000849936 3367_ $$2DRIVER$$aarticle 000849936 3367_ $$2DataCite$$aOutput Types/Journal article 000849936 3367_ $$0PUB:(DE-HGF)16$$2PUB:(DE-HGF)$$aJournal Article$$bjournal$$mjournal$$s1536146883_464 000849936 3367_ $$2BibTeX$$aARTICLE 000849936 3367_ $$2ORCID$$aJOURNAL_ARTICLE 000849936 3367_ $$00$$2EndNote$$aJournal Article 000849936 520__ $$aRenewable energy technologies such as direct-drive wind turbines based on permanent magnets need non-renewable resources such as rare earth minerals. The analysis of this nexus requires a better understanding of the complex interactions not only between these two sectors, but also between the natural environment and human society, characterized as the energy-mineral-society nexus (EMS nexus). The EMS nexus is analysed using an extended social life cycle assessment (sLCA) model and scenario approach. For this new social LCA the Social Hotspots Database (SHDB) is used to analyse rare earth production in Australia, Malaysia (Mount Weld process), USA (Mountain Pass process II), and China (Bayan Obo process).On the basis of the Social Hotspots Database (SHDB), the sLCA model allows to determine the social footprint of the production of rare earth elements based permanent magnets for 2012. Furthermore the social LCA model approach also enables a new interpretation of the societal life cycle costing (sLCC). The social risks are monetized for the three rare earth production chains. By integrating the Human Development Index (HDI), the new approach allows a novel scenario estimation of the social footprint and the social risk intensity for the three rare earth production sites.In addition to the scientific contribution, the results provide a central input for the public discussion about corporate social compliance, according to which companies try to improve the social standards along their global value chains in line with the social accountability 8000 (SA8000) standard. 000849936 536__ $$0G:(DE-HGF)POF3-153$$a153 - Assessment of Energy Systems – Addressing Issues of Energy Efficiency and Energy Security (POF3-153)$$cPOF3-153$$fPOF III$$x0 000849936 588__ $$aDataset connected to CrossRef 000849936 7001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)164476$$aVenghaus, S.$$b1 000849936 7001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)130493$$aZapp, P.$$b2 000849936 7001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)130473$$aMarx, J.$$b3 000849936 7001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)130483$$aSchreiber, A.$$b4 000849936 7001_ $$0P:(DE-Juel1)130461$$aHake, J.-Fr.$$b5 000849936 773__ $$0PERI:(DE-600)2000772-3$$a10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.06.048$$gVol. 228, p. 999 - 1008$$n2018$$p999 - 1008$$tApplied energy$$v228$$x0306-2619$$y2018 000849936 8564_ $$uhttps://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/849936/files/1-s2.0-S0306261918309176-main.pdf$$yRestricted 000849936 8564_ $$uhttps://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/849936/files/1-s2.0-S0306261918309176-main.pdf?subformat=pdfa$$xpdfa$$yRestricted 000849936 909CO $$ooai:juser.fz-juelich.de:849936$$pVDB 000849936 9101_ $$0I:(DE-588b)5008462-8$$6P:(DE-Juel1)130482$$aForschungszentrum Jülich$$b0$$kFZJ 000849936 9101_ $$0I:(DE-588b)5008462-8$$6P:(DE-Juel1)164476$$aForschungszentrum Jülich$$b1$$kFZJ 000849936 9101_ $$0I:(DE-588b)5008462-8$$6P:(DE-Juel1)130493$$aForschungszentrum Jülich$$b2$$kFZJ 000849936 9101_ $$0I:(DE-588b)5008462-8$$6P:(DE-Juel1)130473$$aForschungszentrum Jülich$$b3$$kFZJ 000849936 9101_ $$0I:(DE-588b)5008462-8$$6P:(DE-Juel1)130483$$aForschungszentrum Jülich$$b4$$kFZJ 000849936 9101_ $$0I:(DE-588b)5008462-8$$6P:(DE-Juel1)130461$$aForschungszentrum Jülich$$b5$$kFZJ 000849936 9131_ $$0G:(DE-HGF)POF3-153$$1G:(DE-HGF)POF3-150$$2G:(DE-HGF)POF3-100$$3G:(DE-HGF)POF3$$4G:(DE-HGF)POF$$aDE-HGF$$bEnergie$$lTechnologie, Innovation und Gesellschaft$$vAssessment of Energy Systems – Addressing Issues of Energy Efficiency and Energy Security$$x0 000849936 9141_ $$y2018 000849936 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0100$$2StatID$$aJCR$$bAPPL ENERG : 2015 000849936 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0200$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bSCOPUS 000849936 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0300$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bMedline 000849936 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0310$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bNCBI Molecular Biology Database 000849936 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0600$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bEbsco Academic Search 000849936 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0030$$2StatID$$aPeer Review$$bASC 000849936 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0199$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bThomson Reuters Master Journal List 000849936 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0110$$2StatID$$aWoS$$bScience Citation Index 000849936 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0150$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bWeb of Science Core Collection 000849936 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)0111$$2StatID$$aWoS$$bScience Citation Index Expanded 000849936 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)1160$$2StatID$$aDBCoverage$$bCurrent Contents - Engineering, Computing and Technology 000849936 915__ $$0StatID:(DE-HGF)9905$$2StatID$$aIF >= 5$$bAPPL ENERG : 2015 000849936 920__ $$lyes 000849936 9201_ $$0I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-STE-20101013$$kIEK-STE$$lSystemforschung und Technologische Entwicklung$$x0 000849936 980__ $$ajournal 000849936 980__ $$aVDB 000849936 980__ $$aI:(DE-Juel1)IEK-STE-20101013 000849936 980__ $$aUNRESTRICTED