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@ARTICLE{Yakoubi:850770,
      author       = {Yakoubi, Rachida and Rollenhagen, Astrid and von Lehe,
                      Marec and Shao, Yachao and Sätzler, Kurt and Lübke,
                      Joachim},
      title        = {{Q}uantitative {T}hree-{D}imensional {R}econstructions of
                      {E}xcitatory {S}ynaptic {B}outons in {L}ayer 5 of the
                      {A}dult {H}uman {T}emporal {L}obe {N}eocortex: {A}
                      {F}ine-{S}cale {E}lectron {M}icroscopic {A}nalysis},
      journal      = {Cerebral cortex},
      volume       = {29},
      number       = {7},
      issn         = {1460-2199},
      address      = {Oxford},
      publisher    = {Oxford Univ. Press},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2018-04544},
      pages        = {2797–2814},
      year         = {2019},
      abstract     = {Studies of synapses are available for different brain
                      regions of several animal species including non-human
                      primates, but comparatively little is known about their
                      quantitative morphology in humans. Here, synaptic boutons in
                      Layer 5 (L5) of the human temporal lobe (TL) neocortex were
                      investigated in biopsy tissue, using fine-scale electron
                      microscopy, and quantitative three-dimensional
                      reconstructions. The size and organization of the
                      presynaptic active zones (PreAZs), postsynaptic densities
                      (PSDs), and that of the 3 distinct pools of synaptic
                      vesicles (SVs) were particularly analyzed. L5 synaptic
                      boutons were medium-sized (~6 μm2) with a single but
                      relatively large PreAZ (~0.3 μm2). They contained a total
                      of ~1500 SVs/bouton, ~20 constituting the putative readily
                      releasable pool (RRP), ~180 the recycling pool (RP), and the
                      remainder, the resting pool. The PreAZs, PSDs, and vesicle
                      pools are ~3-fold larger than those of CNS synapses in other
                      species. Astrocytic processes reached the synaptic cleft and
                      may regulate the glutamate concentration. Profound
                      differences exist between synapses in human TL neocortex and
                      those described in various species, particularly in the size
                      and geometry of PreAZs and PSDs, the large RRP/RP, and the
                      astrocytic ensheathment suggesting high synaptic efficacy,
                      strength, and modulation of synaptic transmission at human
                      synapses.},
      cin          = {INM-10 / JSC / JARA-HPC},
      ddc          = {610},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)INM-10-20170113 / I:(DE-Juel1)JSC-20090406 /
                      $I:(DE-82)080012_20140620$},
      pnm          = {511 - Computational Science and Mathematical Methods
                      (POF3-511) / 571 - Connectivity and Activity (POF3-571) /
                      SMHB - Supercomputing and Modelling for the Human Brain
                      (HGF-SMHB-2013-2017) / SLNS - SimLab Neuroscience
                      (Helmholtz-SLNS)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-511 / G:(DE-HGF)POF3-571 /
                      G:(DE-Juel1)HGF-SMHB-2013-2017 / G:(DE-Juel1)Helmholtz-SLNS},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:29931200},
      UT           = {WOS:000477708300003},
      doi          = {10.1093/cercor/bhy146},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/850770},
}