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@ARTICLE{Freimuth:850788,
      author       = {Freimuth, Frank and Blügel, Stefan and Mokrousov, Yuriy},
      title        = {{S}pin-orbit torques and tunable {D}zyaloshinskii-{M}oriya
                      interaction in {C}o/{C}u/{C}o trilayers},
      journal      = {Physical review / B},
      volume       = {98},
      number       = {2},
      issn         = {2469-9950},
      address      = {Woodbury, NY},
      publisher    = {Inst.},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2018-04562},
      pages        = {024419},
      year         = {2018},
      abstract     = {We study the spin-orbit torques (SOTs) in Co/Cu/Co magnetic
                      trilayers based on first-principles density-functional
                      theory calculations in the case where the applied electric
                      field lies in-plane, i.e., parallel to the interfaces. We
                      assume that the bottom Co layer has a fixed in-plane
                      magnetization, while the top Co layer can be switched. We
                      find that the SOT on the top ferromagnet can be controlled
                      by the bottom ferromagnet because of the nonlocal character
                      of the SOT in this system. As a consequence the SOT is
                      anisotropic, i.e., its magnitude varies with the direction
                      of the applied electric field. We show that the
                      Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI) in the top layer is
                      anisotropic as well, i.e., the spin-spiral wavelength of
                      spin spirals in the top layer depends on their in-plane
                      propagation direction. This effect suggests that DMI can be
                      tuned easily in magnetic trilayers via the magnetization
                      direction of the bottom layer. In order to understand the
                      influence of the bottom ferromagnet on the SOTs and the DMI
                      of the top ferromagnet, we study these effects in Co/Cu
                      magnetic bilayers for comparison. We find the SOTs and the
                      DMI to be surprisingly large despite the small spin-orbit
                      interaction of Cu.},
      cin          = {IAS-1 / PGI-1 / JARA-HPC / JARA-FIT},
      ddc          = {530},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IAS-1-20090406 / I:(DE-Juel1)PGI-1-20110106 /
                      $I:(DE-82)080012_20140620$ / $I:(DE-82)080009_20140620$},
      pnm          = {142 - Controlling Spin-Based Phenomena (POF3-142) / 143 -
                      Controlling Configuration-Based Phenomena (POF3-143) /
                      Topological transport in real materials from ab initio
                      $(jiff40_20090701)$},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-142 / G:(DE-HGF)POF3-143 /
                      $G:(DE-Juel1)jiff40_20090701$},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000439411200004},
      doi          = {10.1103/PhysRevB.98.024419},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/850788},
}