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@ARTICLE{Horsthemke:851137,
      author       = {Horsthemke, Fabian and Friesen, Alex and Mönnighoff, Xaver
                      and Stenzel, Yannick P. and Grützke, Martin and Andersson,
                      Jan T. and Winter, Martin and Nowak, Sascha},
      title        = {{F}ast screening method to characterize lithium ion battery
                      electrolytes by means of solid phase microextraction – gas
                      chromatography – mass spectrometry},
      journal      = {RSC Advances},
      volume       = {7},
      number       = {74},
      issn         = {2046-2069},
      address      = {London},
      publisher    = {RSC Publishing},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2018-04839},
      pages        = {46989 - 46998},
      year         = {2017},
      abstract     = {Several electrolytes of commercially available lithium ion
                      batteries (LIBs) were analyzed by solid phase
                      microextraction – gas chromatography – mass spectrometry
                      (SPME-GC-MS). The uptake and subsequent injection of the
                      conducting salt LiPF6 into the GC system was prevented by
                      using a headspace SPME setup. Thus, a removal step prior to
                      the GC-MS measurements was not necessary and it was possible
                      to analyze the untreated electrolyte without injecting the
                      hazardous LiPF6 into the GC system. Furthermore, all SPME
                      experiments were carried out at room temperature to exclude
                      further thermal alteration of the electrolyte during
                      sampling. In LIB electrolytes, different linear and cyclic
                      carbonate solvents and additives such as succinonitrile (SN)
                      and fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) could be identified using
                      the SPME-GC-MS setup. Moreover, the aging products
                      dimethyl-2,5-dioxahexane dicarboxylate (DMDOHC) and
                      ethylmethyl-2,5-dioxahexane dicarboxylate (EMDOHC) were
                      identified in the electrolyte of aged 18[thin space
                      (1/6-em)]650-type cells. In the case of the cells of one
                      specific supplier, various additional hydrocarbons were
                      detected via SPME-GC-MS. These compounds could not be
                      obtained when a GC-MS setup with conventional liquid or
                      headspace injection is used. Consecutive experiments were
                      carried out by extracting the electrolyte components
                      directly from the headspace above anode, separator and
                      cathode of an aged 18[thin space (1/6-em)]650-type cell,
                      which confirmed the findings of the prior analysis of pure
                      electrolytes. Within this work it was possible to develop a
                      method for the investigation of LIB electrolytes and their
                      decomposition products with high sensitivity and low GC
                      column bleeding.},
      cin          = {IEK-12},
      ddc          = {540},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-12-20141217},
      pnm          = {131 - Electrochemical Storage (POF3-131)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-131},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000412451500054},
      doi          = {10.1039/C7RA08599K},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/851137},
}