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@INPROCEEDINGS{Haruzi:851274,
      author       = {Haruzi, Peleg and Güting, Nils and Klotzsche, Anja and
                      Vanderborght, Jan and Vereecken, Harry and van der Kruk,
                      Jan},
      title        = {{TESTING} {THE} {POTENTIAL} {OF} {GPR}-{FWI} {TO} {DETECT}
                      {TRACER} {PLUMES} {IN} {TIME}-{LAPSE} {MONITORING}},
      school       = {RWTH Aachen},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2018-04969},
      year         = {2018},
      abstract     = {Geophysical methods are increasingly being used in
                      hydrogeological studies, allowing to characterize the
                      structure and the heterogeneity of the subsurface in a
                      noninvasive way. Transport processes could be monitored
                      using these methods when the tracer changes the geophysical
                      properties of the aquifer (e.g. electrical conductivity,
                      permittivity) and when these changes can be resolved in
                      space and time. Ground penetration radar (GPR) measurements
                      processed by the full-waveform inversion (FWI) method allow
                      mapping the subsurface with a decimeter scale resolution.
                      Time-lapse GPR imaging of saline tracer in fractured rock
                      demonstrated the potential to monitor transport processes
                      (e.g. Shakas et al., 2016). In the current research, a
                      time-lapse GPR imaging of a saline tracer test is planned in
                      an alluvial aquifer, to test the potential of GPR to detect
                      transport processes.The experiment will be performed in a
                      sand-gravel aquifer at the Krauthausen test site, nearby
                      Jülich where we will inject a saline tracer into the
                      aquifer through a borehole and transported by natural
                      groundwater flow. Time-lapse GPR data will be acquired in a
                      crosshole setup to monitor the tracer distribution. To
                      optimize the imaging and detection of the tracer plume, a
                      numerical test simulating the field experiment in a
                      hydrogeological model of the aquifer was applied using a
                      flow and transport model and a GPR wave propagation forward
                      model. The numerical experiment simulates the plume spread
                      in time and space, and the signals that are measured with
                      GPR. An appraisal of the spatial resolution of the tracer
                      distribution that can be obtained with GPR is derived from a
                      comparison between the simulated tracer distributions and
                      the tracer distributions obtained after a full waveform
                      inversion of the GPR signals. Preliminary results of the
                      transport simulation show a narrow plume with high salinity
                      gradients at the decimeter scale, which performs the
                      importance of the prediction for optimizing geophysical
                      imaging and interpretation. At the next steps of the
                      simulation, GPR forward modeling followed by FWI will be
                      applied while adjusting the tracer concentrations, radar
                      frequencies, and crosshole locations to optimize imaging of
                      the field experiment.},
      month         = {Jun},
      date          = {2018-06-25},
      organization  = {4th Cargese Summer School, Cargese
                       (France), 25 Jun 2018 - 7 Jul 2018},
      subtyp        = {After Call},
      cin          = {IBG-3},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IBG-3-20101118},
      pnm          = {255 - Terrestrial Systems: From Observation to Prediction
                      (POF3-255) / ENIGMA - European training Network for In situ
                      imaGing of dynaMic processes in heterogeneous subsurfAce
                      environments (722028)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-255 / G:(EU-Grant)722028},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)24},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/851274},
}