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@ARTICLE{Rangarajan:851312,
      author       = {Rangarajan, Harini and Postma, Johannes and Lynch, Jonathan
                      P},
      title        = {{C}o-optimization of axial root phenotypes for nitrogen and
                      phosphorus acquisition in common bean},
      journal      = {Annals of botany},
      volume       = {122},
      number       = {3},
      issn         = {1095-8290},
      address      = {Oxford},
      publisher    = {Oxford University Press},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2018-05002},
      pages        = {485-499},
      year         = {2018},
      abstract     = {Background and Aims: Root architecture is a primary
                      determinant of soil resource acquisition. We hypothesized
                      that root architectural phenes will display both positive
                      and negative interactions with each other for soil resource
                      capture because of competition for internal resources and
                      functional trade-offs in soil exploration.Methods: We
                      employed the functional–structural plant model SimRoot to
                      explore how interactions among architectural phenes in
                      common bean determine the acquisition of phosphate and
                      nitrate, two key soil resources contrasting in mobility. We
                      evaluated the utility of basal root whorl number (BRWN) when
                      basal root growth angle, hypocotyl-borne roots and lateral
                      root branching density (LRBD) were varied, under varying
                      availability of phosphate and nitrate.Key Results: Three
                      basal root whorls were optimal in most phenotypes. This
                      optimum shifted towards greater values when LRBD decreased
                      and to smaller numbers when LRBD increased. The maximum
                      biomass accumulated for a given BRWN phenotype in a given
                      limiting nutrient scenario depended upon root growth angle.
                      Under phosphorus stress shallow phenotypes grew best,
                      whereas under nitrate stress fanned phenotypes grew best.
                      The effect of increased hypocotyl-borne roots depended upon
                      BRWN as well as the limiting nutrient. Greater production of
                      axial roots due to BRWN or hypocotyl-borne roots reduced
                      rooting depth, leading to reduced biomass under
                      nitrate-limiting conditions. Increased BRWN as well as
                      greater LRBD increased root carbon consumption, resulting in
                      reduced shoot biomass.Conclusions: We conclude that the
                      utility of a root architectural phenotype is determined by
                      whether the constituent phenes are synergistic or
                      antagonistic. Competition for internal resources and
                      trade-offs for external resources result in multiple
                      phenotypes being optimal under a given nutrient regime. We
                      also find that no single phenotype is optimal across
                      contrasting environments. These results have implications
                      for understanding plant evolution and also for the breeding
                      of more stress-tolerant crop phenotypes.},
      cin          = {IBG-2},
      ddc          = {580},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IBG-2-20101118},
      pnm          = {582 - Plant Science (POF3-582)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-582},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:29982363},
      UT           = {WOS:000442923400014},
      doi          = {10.1093/aob/mcy092},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/851312},
}