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@ARTICLE{Johansson:852460,
      author       = {Johansson, Sören and Woiwode, Wolfgang and Höpfner,
                      Michael and Friedl-Vallon, Felix and Kleinert, Anne and
                      Kretschmer, Erik and Latzko, Thomas and Orphal, Johannes and
                      Preusse, Peter and Ungermann, Jörn and Santee, Michelle L.
                      and Jurkat-Witschas, Tina and Marsing, Andreas and Voigt,
                      Christiane and Giez, Andreas and Krämer, Martina and Rolf,
                      Christian and Zahn, Andreas and Engel, Andreas and
                      Sinnhuber, Björn-Martin and Oelhaf, Hermann},
      title        = {{A}irborne limb-imaging measurements of temperature,
                      {HNO}3, {O}3, {C}l{ONO}2, {H}2{O} and {CFC}-12 during the
                      {A}rctic winter 2015/2016: characterization, in situ
                      validation and comparison to {A}ura/{MLS}},
      journal      = {Atmospheric measurement techniques},
      volume       = {11},
      number       = {8},
      issn         = {1867-8548},
      address      = {Katlenburg-Lindau},
      publisher    = {Copernicus},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2018-05406},
      pages        = {4737 - 4756},
      year         = {2018},
      abstract     = {The Gimballed Limb Observer for Radiance Imaging of the
                      Atmosphere (GLORIA) was operated on board the German High
                      Altitude and Long Range Research Aircraft (HALO) during the
                      PGS (POLSTRACC/GW-LCYCLE/SALSA) aircraft campaigns in the
                      Arctic winter 2015/2016. Research flights were conducted
                      from 17 December 2015 until 18 March 2016 within 25–87°N,
                      80°W–30°E. From the GLORIA infrared limb-emission
                      measurements, two-dimensional cross sections of temperature,
                      HNO3, O3, ClONO2, H2O and CFC-12 are retrieved. During 15
                      scientific flights of the PGS campaigns the GLORIA
                      instrument measured more than 15000 atmospheric profiles at
                      high spectral resolution. Dependent on flight altitude and
                      tropospheric cloud cover, the profiles retrieved from the
                      measurements typically range between 5 and 14km, and
                      vertical resolutions between 400 and 1000m are achieved. The
                      estimated total (random and systematic) 1σ errors are in
                      the range of 1 to 2K for temperature and $10\%$ to $20\%$
                      relative error for the discussed trace gases. Comparisons to
                      in situ instruments deployed on board HALO have been
                      performed. Over all flights of this campaign the median
                      differences and median absolute deviations between in situ
                      and GLORIA observations are −0.75 K ± 0.88K for
                      temperature, −0.03 ppbv ± 0.85ppbv for HNO3,
                      −3.5 ppbv ± 116.8ppbv for O3,
                      −15.4 pptv ± 102.8pptv for ClONO2,
                      −0.13 ppmv ± 0.63ppmv for H2O and
                      −19.8 pptv ± 46.9pptv for CFC-12. Seventy-three
                      percent of these differences are within twice the combined
                      estimated errors of the cross-compared instruments. Events
                      with larger deviations are explained by atmospheric
                      variability and different sampling characteristics of the
                      instruments. Additionally, comparisons of GLORIA HNO3 and O3
                      with measurements of the Aura Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS)
                      instrument show highly consistent structures in trace gas
                      distributions and illustrate the potential of the
                      high-spectral-resolution limb-imaging GLORIA observations
                      for resolving narrow mesoscale structures in the upper
                      troposphere and lower stratosphere (UTLS).},
      cin          = {IEK-7},
      ddc          = {550},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-7-20101013},
      pnm          = {244 - Composition and dynamics of the upper troposphere and
                      middle atmosphere (POF3-244)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-244},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000441635900001},
      doi          = {10.5194/amt-11-4737-2018},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/852460},
}