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@ARTICLE{Ranft:852912,
      author       = {Ranft, J. and Basan, M. and Elgeti, J. and Joanny, J.-F.
                      and Prost, J. and Julicher, F.},
      title        = {{F}luidization of tissues by cell division and apoptosis},
      journal      = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the
                      United States of America},
      volume       = {107},
      number       = {49},
      issn         = {1091-6490},
      address      = {Washington, DC},
      publisher    = {National Acad. of Sciences},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2018-05699},
      pages        = {20863 - 20868},
      year         = {2010},
      abstract     = {During the formation of tissues, cells organize
                      collectively by cell division and apoptosis. The
                      multicellular dynamics of such systems is influenced by
                      mechanical conditions and can give rise to cell
                      rearrangements and movements. We develop a continuum
                      description of tissue dynamics, which describes the stress
                      distribution and the cell flow field on large scales. In the
                      absence of division and apoptosis, we consider the tissue to
                      behave as an elastic solid. Cell division and apoptosis
                      introduce stress sources that, in general, are anisotropic.
                      By combining cell number balance with dynamic equations for
                      the stress source, we show that the tissue effectively
                      behaves as a viscoelastic fluid with a relaxation time set
                      by the rates of division and apoptosis. If the system is
                      confined in a fixed volume, it reaches a homeostatic state
                      in which division and apoptosis balance. In this state,
                      cells undergo a diffusive random motion driven by the
                      stochasticity of division and apoptosis. We calculate the
                      expression for the effective diffusion coefficient as a
                      function of the tissue parameters and compare our results
                      concerning both diffusion and viscosity to simulations of
                      multicellular systems using dissipative particle dynamics},
      cin          = {ICS-2},
      ddc          = {000},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)ICS-2-20110106},
      pnm          = {553 - Physical Basis of Diseases (POF3-553)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-553},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:21078958},
      UT           = {WOS:000285050800007},
      doi          = {10.1073/pnas.1011086107},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/852912},
}