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@ARTICLE{Halbwachs:857127,
      author       = {Halbwachs, Hans and Easton, Gary L. and Bol, Roland and
                      Hobbie, Erik A. and Garnett, Mark H and Peršoh, Derek and
                      Dixon, Liz and Ostle, Nick and Karasch, Peter and Griffith,
                      Gareth W.},
      title        = {{I}sotopic evidence of biotrophy and unusual nitrogen
                      nutrition in soil-dwelling {H}ygrophoraceae},
      journal      = {Environmental microbiology},
      volume       = {20},
      number       = {10},
      issn         = {1462-2912},
      address      = {Oxford [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Blackwell},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2018-06371},
      pages        = {3573 - 3588},
      year         = {2018},
      abstract     = {Several lines of evidence suggest that the agaricoid,
                      non‐ectomycorrhizal members of the family Hygrophoraceae
                      (waxcaps) are biotrophic with unusual nitrogen nutrition.
                      However, methods for the axenic culture and lab‐based
                      study of these organisms remain to be developed, so our
                      current knowledge is limited to field‐based
                      investigations. Addition of nitrogen, lime or
                      organophosphate pesticide at an experimental field site
                      (Sourhope) suppressed fruiting of waxcap basidiocarps.
                      Furthermore, stable isotope natural abundance in
                      basidiocarps were unusually high in 15N and low in 13C, the
                      latter consistent with mycorrhizal nutritional status.
                      Similar patterns were found in waxcap basidiocarps from
                      diverse habitats across four continents. Additional data
                      from 14C analysis of basidiocarps and 13C pulse label
                      experiments suggest that these fungi are not saprotrophs but
                      rather biotrophic endophytes and possibly mycorrhizal. The
                      consistently high but variable δ15N values (10–20‰) of
                      basidiocarps further indicate that N acquisition or
                      processing differ from other fungi; we suggest that N may be
                      derived from acquisition of N via soil fauna high in the
                      food chain.},
      cin          = {IBG-3},
      ddc          = {570},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IBG-3-20101118},
      pnm          = {255 - Terrestrial Systems: From Observation to Prediction
                      (POF3-255)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-255},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:30105856},
      UT           = {WOS:000447549700009},
      doi          = {10.1111/1462-2920.14327},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/857127},
}