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@ARTICLE{Wohland:857186,
      author       = {Wohland, Jan and Witthaut, Dirk and Schleussner,
                      Carl-Friedrich},
      title        = {{N}egative {E}mission {P}otential of {D}irect {A}ir
                      {C}apture {P}owered by {R}enewable {E}xcess {E}lectricity in
                      {E}urope},
      journal      = {Earth's future},
      volume       = {6},
      number       = {10},
      issn         = {2328-4277},
      address      = {Hoboken, NJ},
      publisher    = {Wiley-Blackwell},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2018-06423},
      pages        = {1380 - 1384},
      year         = {2018},
      abstract     = {The mitigation of climate change requires fast reductions
                      in greenhouse gas emissions and calls for fundamental
                      transitions of energy systems. In most places, the increased
                      exploitation of variable renewable sources (wind and solar)
                      forms the backbone of these transitions. To remain
                      consistent with the Paris Agreement temperature goals,
                      negative emission technologies will likely be needed to
                      achieve net zero emissions in the second half of the
                      century. In integrated assessment models, negative emissions
                      are typically realized through land‐based approaches.
                      However, due to their coarse temporal and spatial
                      resolution, such models might underestimate the potential of
                      decentrally deployable and flexible technologies such as
                      Direct Air Capture (DAC). Based on validated
                      high‐resolution power generation time series, we show that
                      DAC can extract CO2 from the atmosphere and facilitate the
                      integration of variable renewables at the same time. It is a
                      promising flexibility provider as it can be ramped within
                      minutes. Our results show that negative emissions of up to
                      500 Mt CO2/year in Europe may be achievable by using
                      renewable excess energy only. Electricity systems with high
                      shares of volatile renewables will induce excess generation
                      events during which electricity is cheap thereby lowering
                      the operational costs of DAC. If investment costs can be
                      sufficiently reduced, this may render very energy intensive
                      but highly flexible technologies such as DAC viable.},
      cin          = {IEK-STE},
      ddc          = {550},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-STE-20101013},
      pnm          = {153 - Assessment of Energy Systems – Addressing Issues of
                      Energy Efficiency and Energy Security (POF3-153) /
                      VH-NG-1025 - Helmholtz Young Investigators Group
                      "Efficiency, Emergence and Economics of future supply
                      networks" $(VH-NG-1025_20112014)$ / HITEC - Helmholtz
                      Interdisciplinary Doctoral Training in Energy and Climate
                      Research (HITEC) (HITEC-20170406)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-153 / $G:(HGF)VH-NG-1025_20112014$ /
                      G:(DE-Juel1)HITEC-20170406},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000450062200002},
      doi          = {10.1029/2018EF000954},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/857186},
}