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@INPROCEEDINGS{Adrian:857187,
      author       = {Adrian, Juliane},
      title        = {{Q}ueuing or {P}ushing in {F}ront of {B}ottlenecks},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2018-06424},
      year         = {2018},
      abstract     = {We present the results of a study investigating the
                      influence of the corridor width directly in front of a
                      bottleneck on the behavior of participants. The main
                      question is whether there is a critical corridor width
                      limiting queuing behavior and facilitating a pushing
                      behavior. In our study, we varied the corridor width between
                      1.2 m and 5.6 m which is leading to a 0.5 m wide bottleneck.
                      Students of the University of Wuppertal were recruited as
                      participants directly after their lectures. Each group of
                      students had to perform two runs with the same corridor
                      width but different degrees of motivation. In the first run,
                      the motivation was higher than in the second run. For high
                      motivation, the students had to imagine that they want to
                      enter a concert and only the first persons to enter will
                      have an undisturbed view of the stage. For low motivation,
                      they were told that all persons will be able to see the
                      stage.Our findings are mainly based on density and
                      waiting-time measurements. It is shown that wide corridors
                      and a high motivation of the participants facilitate a
                      strong contraction followed by high densities indicating a
                      pushing behavior. Narrow corridors and a low motivation lead
                      to medium densities rather indicating a queuing behavior.
                      Another finding of our study is that the number of
                      participants also has an influence on the maximum density.
                      Therefore, we suggest to use the number of participants as
                      additional controlled parameter in future studies.},
      month         = {Nov},
      date          = {2018-11-05},
      organization  = {Physics and Psychology of Human Crowd
                       Dynamics, Leiden (Netherlands), 5 Nov
                       2018 - 9 Nov 2018},
      subtyp        = {Other},
      cin          = {IAS-7},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IAS-7-20180321},
      pnm          = {511 - Computational Science and Mathematical Methods
                      (POF3-511)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-511},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)6},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/857187},
}