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@ARTICLE{Kokkola:857541,
      author       = {Kokkola, Harri and Kühn, Thomas and Laakso, Anton and
                      Bergman, Tommi and Lehtinen, Kari E. J. and Mielonen, Tero
                      and Arola, Antti and Stadtler, Scarlet and Korhonen, Hannele
                      and Ferrachat, Sylvaine and Lohmann, Ulrike and Neubauer,
                      David and Tegen, Ina and Siegenthaler-Le Drian, Colombe and
                      Schultz, Martin G. and Bey, Isabelle and Stier, Philip and
                      Daskalakis, Nikos and Heald, Colette L. and Romakkaniemi,
                      Sami},
      title        = {{SALSA}2.0: {T}he sectional aerosol module of the
                      aerosol–chemistry–climate model
                      {ECHAM}6.3.0-{HAM}2.3-{MOZ}1.0},
      journal      = {Geoscientific model development},
      volume       = {11},
      number       = {9},
      issn         = {1991-9603},
      address      = {Katlenburg-Lindau},
      publisher    = {Copernicus},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2018-06532},
      pages        = {3833 - 3863},
      year         = {2018},
      abstract     = {In this paper, we present the implementation and evaluation
                      of the aerosol microphysics module SALSA2.0 in the framework
                      of the aerosol–chemistry–climate model ECHAM-HAMMOZ. It
                      is an alternative microphysics module to the default modal
                      microphysics scheme M7 in ECHAM-HAMMOZ. The SALSA2.0
                      implementation within ECHAM-HAMMOZ is evaluated against
                      observations of aerosol optical properties, aerosol mass,
                      and size distributions, comparing also to the skill of the
                      M7 implementation. The largest differences between the
                      implementation of SALSA2.0 and M7 are in the methods used
                      for calculating microphysical processes, i.e., nucleation,
                      condensation, coagulation, and hydration. These differences
                      in the microphysics are reflected in the results so that the
                      largest differences between SALSA2.0 and M7 are evident over
                      regions where the aerosol size distribution is heavily
                      modified by the microphysical processing of aerosol
                      particles. Such regions are, for example, highly polluted
                      regions and regions strongly affected by biomass burning. In
                      addition, in a simulation of the 1991 Mt. Pinatubo eruption
                      in which a stratospheric sulfate plume was formed, the
                      global burden and the effective radii of the stratospheric
                      aerosol are very different in SALSA2.0 and M7. While
                      SALSA2.0 was able to reproduce the observed time evolution
                      of the global burden of sulfate and the effective radii of
                      stratospheric aerosol, M7 strongly overestimates the removal
                      of coarse stratospheric particles and thus underestimates
                      the effective radius of stratospheric aerosol. As the mode
                      widths of M7 have been optimized for the troposphere and
                      were not designed to represent stratospheric aerosol, the
                      ability of M7 to simulate the volcano plume was improved by
                      modifying the mode widths, decreasing the standard
                      deviations of the accumulation and coarse modes from 1.59
                      and 2.0, respectively, to 1.2 similar to what was observed
                      after the Mt. Pinatubo eruption. Overall, SALSA2.0 shows
                      promise in improving the aerosol description of ECHAM-HAMMOZ
                      and can be further improved by implementing methods for
                      aerosol processes that are more suitable for the sectional
                      method, e.g., size-dependent emissions for aerosol species
                      and size-resolved wet deposition.},
      cin          = {IEK-8 / JSC},
      ddc          = {550},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-8-20101013 / I:(DE-Juel1)JSC-20090406},
      pnm          = {243 - Tropospheric trace substances and their
                      transformation processes (POF3-243) / 512 - Data-Intensive
                      Science and Federated Computing (POF3-512) / Earth System
                      Data Exploration (ESDE)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-243 / G:(DE-HGF)POF3-512 /
                      G:(DE-Juel-1)ESDE},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000445698200001},
      doi          = {10.5194/gmd-11-3833-2018},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/857541},
}