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@ARTICLE{Javed:857725,
      author       = {Javed, Umar and Kubistin, Dagmar and Martinez, Monica and
                      Pollmann, Jan and Rudolf, Markus and Parchatka, Uwe and
                      Reiffs, Andreas and Thieser, Jim and Schuster, Gerhard and
                      Horbanski, Martin and Pöhler, Denis and Crowley, John N.
                      and Fischer, Horst and Lelieveld, Jos and Harder, Hartwig},
      title        = {{L}aser induced fluorescence based detection of atmospheric
                      nitrogen dioxide and comparison of different techniques
                      during the {PARADE} 2011 field campaign},
      journal      = {Atmospheric measurement techniques discussions},
      volume       = {204},
      issn         = {1867-8610},
      address      = {Katlenburg-Lindau},
      publisher    = {Copernicus},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2018-06693},
      pages        = {1 - 29},
      year         = {2018},
      abstract     = {GANDALF (Gas Analyzer for Nitrogen Dioxide Applying
                      Laser-induced Fluorescence), a new instrument for the
                      detection of nitrogen dioxide based on the laser-induced
                      fluorescence (LIF) technique, is presented in this paper.
                      GANDALF is designed for ground based and air-borne
                      deployment with a robust calibration system. In the current
                      setup, it uses a multi-mode diode laser (447–450nm) and
                      performs in situ, continuous, and autonomous measurements
                      with a laser pulse repetition rate of 5MHz. The performance
                      of GANDALF was tested during the field experiment at a
                      forested location with urban influence where NOx levels were
                      between 0.12 and 22 parts per billion by volume (ppbv).
                      Based on the field results, the limit of detection is
                      estimated at 5–10 parts per trillion by volume (pptv) in
                      60s at a signal to noise ratio (SNR) of 2. The overall
                      accuracy and precision of the instrument are better than
                      $5\%$ (1σ) and $0.5\%+3pptv$ (1σmin−1), respectively. A
                      comparison of nitrogen dioxide measurements based on several
                      techniques during the field campaign is presented to explore
                      methodic differences.},
      cin          = {IEK-8},
      ddc          = {550},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-8-20101013},
      pnm          = {243 - Tropospheric trace substances and their
                      transformation processes (POF3-243)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-243},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      doi          = {10.5194/amt-2018-204},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/857725},
}