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@ARTICLE{Woiwode:858146,
      author       = {Woiwode, Wolfgang and Dörnbrack, Andreas and Bramberger,
                      Martina and Friedl-Vallon, Felix and Haenel, Florian and
                      Höpfner, Michael and Johansson, Sören and Kretschmer, Erik
                      and Krisch, Isabell and Latzko, Thomas and Oelhaf, Hermann
                      and Orphal, Johannes and Preusse, Peter and Sinnhuber,
                      Björn-Martin and Ungermann, Jörn},
      title        = {{M}esoscale fine structure of a tropopause fold over
                      mountains},
      journal      = {Atmospheric chemistry and physics},
      volume       = {18},
      number       = {21},
      issn         = {1680-7324},
      address      = {Katlenburg-Lindau},
      publisher    = {EGU},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2018-07053},
      pages        = {15643 - 15667},
      year         = {2018},
      abstract     = {We report airborne remote-sensing observations of a
                      tropopause fold during two crossings of the polar front jet
                      over northern Italy on 12 January 2016. The GLORIA
                      (Gimballed Limb Observer for Radiance Imaging of the
                      Atmosphere) observations allowed for a simultaneous mapping
                      of temperature, water vapour, and ozone. They revealed deep,
                      dry, and ozone-rich intrusions into the troposphere. The
                      mesoscale fine structures of dry filaments at the cyclonic
                      shear side north of the jet and tongues of moist air
                      entraining tropospheric air into the stratosphere along the
                      anticyclonic shear side south of the jet were clearly
                      resolved by GLORIA observations. Vertically propagating
                      mountain waves with recorded temperature residuals exceeding
                      ±3K were detected above the Apennines. Their presence
                      enhanced gradients of all variables locally in the vicinity
                      of the tropopause. The combination of H2O − O3
                      correlations with potential temperature reveals an active
                      mixing region and shows clear evidence of
                      troposphere-to-stratosphere and stratosphere-to-troposphere
                      exchange. High-resolution short-term deterministic forecasts
                      of ECMWF's integrated forecast system (IFS) applying
                      GLORIA's observational filter reproduce location, shape, and
                      depth of the tropopause fold very well. The fine structure
                      of the mixing region, however, cannot be reproduced even
                      with the 9km horizontal resolution of the IFS, used here.
                      This case study demonstrates convincingly the capabilities
                      of linear limb-imaging observations to resolve mesoscale
                      fine structures in the upper troposphere and lower
                      stratosphere, validates the high quality of the IFS data,
                      and suggests that mountain wave perturbations have the
                      potential to modulate exchange processes in the vicinity of
                      tropopause folds.},
      cin          = {IEK-7},
      ddc          = {550},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-7-20101013},
      pnm          = {244 - Composition and dynamics of the upper troposphere and
                      middle atmosphere (POF3-244)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-244},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000448701900007},
      doi          = {10.5194/acp-18-15643-2018},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/858146},
}