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@ARTICLE{Huang:858372,
      author       = {Huang, Taihong and Naumenko, Dmitry and Song, Peng and Lu,
                      Jiansheng and Quadakkers, Willem Joseph},
      title        = {{E}ffect of {T}itanium {A}ddition on {A}lumina {G}rowth
                      {M}echanism on {Y}ttria-{C}ontaining {F}e{C}r{A}l-{B}ase
                      {A}lloy},
      journal      = {Oxidation of metals},
      volume       = {90},
      number       = {5-6},
      issn         = {1573-4889},
      address      = {Dordrecht [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Springer Science + Business Media B.V},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2018-07258},
      pages        = {671 - 690},
      year         = {2018},
      abstract     = {FeCrAl-base alloys are well known for their excellent
                      oxidation resistance due to formation of a slowly growing
                      alumina surface scale during high-temperature service. The
                      actual scale growth mechanism and especially adherence are
                      strongly affected by the presence of oxygen-active elements
                      such as yttrium, titanium or hafnium. In the present study,
                      the effect of titanium addition on the scale growth
                      mechanisms of an yttrium oxide dispersion-strengthened
                      FeCrAl base alloy was studied during oxidation at 1200 °C
                      in Ar–O2. For microstructural characterization results of
                      scanning electron microscopy and electron backscatter
                      diffraction were combined with X-ray diffraction data. Scale
                      growth mechanisms were investigated by two-stage oxidation
                      using 18O tracer with subsequent scale analyses using
                      secondary neutrals mass spectrometry. The scale on the alloy
                      without intentionally added titanium grew virtually
                      exclusively by oxygen diffusion along oxide grain boundaries
                      and exhibited a columnar structure with the grain size
                      increasing in growth direction. The addition of titanium
                      resulted in formation of an outer oxide zone of equiaxed
                      grains on top of the inner columnar part. The equiaxed
                      grains increased in size with increasing exposure time.
                      Comparison with the tracer studies revealed that the
                      titanium-induced equiaxed zone was the result of outer scale
                      growth. Mechanisms for the initiation of outward aluminium
                      transport are discussed. Indications were found that the
                      effect of titanium on the scale growth mechanisms already
                      occurred for titanium additions as low as 0.02 $wt\%.$},
      cin          = {IEK-2},
      ddc          = {540},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-2-20101013},
      pnm          = {111 - Efficient and Flexible Power Plants (POF3-111)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-111},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000449331500010},
      doi          = {10.1007/s11085-018-9861-6},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/858372},
}