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@ARTICLE{Tillmann:858376,
      author       = {Tillmann, W. and Schaak, C. and Hagen, L. and Mauer, G. and
                      Matthäus, G.},
      title        = {{I}nternal {D}iameter {C}oating {P}rocesses for {B}ond
                      {C}oat ({HVOF}) and {T}hermal {B}arrier {C}oating ({APS})
                      {S}ystems},
      journal      = {Journal of thermal spray technology},
      volume       = {28},
      number       = {1-2},
      issn         = {1544-1016},
      address      = {Boston, Mass.},
      publisher    = {Springer},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2018-07262},
      pages        = {233 - 241},
      year         = {2019},
      note         = {Editor´s Choice Article},
      abstract     = {Current developments in different industrial sectors show
                      an increasing demand of thermally sprayed internal diameter
                      (ID) coatings. The most recent research and development is
                      mainly focused on commercial applications such as arc
                      spraying (AS), atmospheric plasma spraying (APS), and plasma
                      transferred wire arc spraying, especially for cylinder liner
                      surfaces. However, efficient HVOF torches are meanwhile
                      available for ID applications as well, but in this field,
                      there is still a lack of scientific research. Especially,
                      the compact design of HVOF-ID and APS-ID spray guns, the
                      need of finer powders, and the internal spray situation
                      leads to new process effects and challenges, which have to
                      be understood in order to achieve high-quality coating
                      properties comparable to outer diameter coatings. Thus, in
                      the present work, the focus is on the ID spraying of bond
                      coats (BC) and thermal barrier coatings (TBC) for
                      high-temperature applications. An HVOF-ID gun with a N2
                      injection was used to spray dense BCs (MCrAlY) coatings. The
                      TBCs (YSZ) were sprayed by utilizing an APS-ID torch.
                      Initially, flat steel samples were used as substrates. The
                      morphology and properties of the sprayed ID coating systems
                      were investigated with respect to the combination of
                      different HVOF and APS spray parameter sets. The results of
                      the conducted experiments show that the HVOF-ID spray
                      process with N2 injection allows to adjust the particle
                      temperatures and speeds within a wide range. CoNiCrAlY bond
                      coats with a porosity from 3.09 to $3.92\%$ were produced.
                      The spray distance was set to 53 mm, which leads to a
                      smallest coatable ID of 133 mm. The porosity of the TBC
                      ranged from 7.2 to $7.3\%.$ The spray distance for the
                      APS-ID process was set to 70 mm, which leads to a smallest
                      coatable ID of 118 mm.},
      cin          = {IEK-1},
      ddc          = {670},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-1-20101013},
      pnm          = {113 - Methods and Concepts for Material Development
                      (POF3-113)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-113},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000456599500021},
      doi          = {10.1007/s11666-018-0781-4},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/858376},
}