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100 1 _ |a Oeggl, Reinhard
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245 _ _ |a Citrate as Cost-Efficient NADPH Regenerating Agent
260 _ _ |a Lausanne
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520 _ _ |a The economically efficient utilization of NADPH or NADH-dependent enzymes requires the regeneration of consumed reduction equivalents. This cofactor regeneration is classically done via an additional substrate, and if necessary enzyme. We now demonstrate an easy-to-apply cofactor regeneration approach, which can especially be used in screening applications. Simply by applying citrate to a buffer or directly using citrate/-phosphate buffer NADPH can be regenerated by native enzymes of the TCA cycle, practically present in all aerobic living organisms. Apart from viable-culturable cells, this regeneration approach can also be applied with lyophilized cells and even crude cell extracts. This is exemplarily shown for the synthesis of 1 phenylethanol from acetophenone with several oxidoreductases. The mechanism of NADPH regeneration by TCA cycle enzymes was further investigated by a transient isotopic labeling experiment feeding [1,5-13C]citrate. This revealed that the regeneration mechanism can further be optimized by genetic modification of two competing internal citrate metabolization pathways, the glyoxylate shunt and the glutamate dehydrogenase.
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700 1 _ |a Gätgens, Jochem
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700 1 _ |a Romano, Diego
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700 1 _ |a Noack, Stephan
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700 1 _ |a Rother, Dörte
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773 _ _ |a 10.3389/fbioe.2018.00196
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