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@ARTICLE{Oldenkotte:858654,
      author       = {Oldenkotte, Moritz and Kungl, Hans and Eichel, Rüdiger-A.
                      and Schoenau, Kristin and Kuehlein, Marc and Bernard, Thilo
                      and Hoffmann, Michael J. and Hinterstein, Manuel},
      title        = {{I}nfluence of {P}b{O} stoichiometry on the properties of
                      {PZT} ceramics and multilayer actuators},
      journal      = {Journal of the American Ceramic Society},
      volume       = {102},
      number       = {9},
      issn         = {0002-7820},
      address      = {Westerville, Ohio},
      publisher    = {Soc.},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2018-07508},
      pages        = {5401 - 5414},
      year         = {2019},
      abstract     = {Lead‐oxide stoichiometry of lead‐zirconate‐titanate
                      (PZT) ceramics and multilayer actuators is a critical issue
                      for fabrication and performance. During sintering, the high
                      vapor pressure and the corresponding volatility of lead
                      oxide (PbO) require a careful design of sintering setup and
                      parameters, as both may significantly impact on the PbO
                      content in ceramics and devices. In order to investigate the
                      effects of PbO stoichiometry, PZT compositions with
                      different PbO contents have been synthesized and were
                      sintered under varying temperature conditions and sintering
                      setups. Structure and microstructure of the material was
                      characterized using X‐ray diffraction and scanning
                      electron microscopy (SEM). Dielectric properties and high
                      field strain behavior were analyzed with respect to their
                      relation to PbO content and grain size. Corresponding
                      experiments with multilayer actuators were carried out,
                      whereby the PbO content was varied by controlling the
                      sintering atmosphere. The results indicate that there is a
                      pronounced correlation between PbO content, structure and
                      high field strain in both, PZT ceramics, and multilayer
                      actuators.},
      cin          = {IEK-9},
      ddc          = {660},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-9-20110218},
      pnm          = {131 - Electrochemical Storage (POF3-131)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-131},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000479010400038},
      doi          = {10.1111/jace.16417},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/858654},
}