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100 1 _ |a Liao, Qinghua
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245 _ _ |a Loop Motion in Triosephosphate Isomerase Is Not a Simple Open and Shut Case
260 _ _ |a Washington, DC
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|b American Chemical Society
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520 _ _ |a Conformational changes are crucial for the catalytic action of many enzymes. A prototypical and well-studied example is loop opening and closure in triosephosphate isomerase (TIM), which is thought to determine the rate of catalytic turnover in many circumstances. Specifically, TIM loop 6 “grips” the phosphodianion of the substrate and, together with a change in loop 7, sets up the TIM active site for efficient catalysis. Crystal structures of TIM typically show an open or a closed conformation of loop 6, with the tip of the loop moving ∼7 Å between conformations. Many studies have interpreted this motion as a two-state, rigid-body transition. Here, we use extensive molecular dynamics simulations, with both conventional and enhanced sampling techniques, to analyze loop motion in apo and substrate-bound TIM in detail, using five crystal structures of the dimeric TIM from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We find that loop 6 is highly flexible and samples multiple conformational states. Empirical valence bond simulations of the first reaction step show that slight displacements away from the fully closed-loop conformation can be sufficient to abolish most of the catalytic activity; full closure is required for efficient reaction. The conformational change of the loops in TIM is thus not a simple “open and shut” case and is crucial for its catalytic action. Our detailed analysis of loop motion in a highly efficient enzyme highlights the complexity of loop conformational changes and their role in biological catalysis.
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700 1 _ |a Kulkarni, Yashraj
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700 1 _ |a Sengupta, Ushnish
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700 1 _ |a Petrović, Dušan
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700 1 _ |a Mulholland, Adrian J.
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700 1 _ |a van der Kamp, Marc W.
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700 1 _ |a Strodel, Birgit
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700 1 _ |a Kamerlin, Shina Caroline Lynn
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773 _ _ |a 10.1021/jacs.8b09378
|g Vol. 140, no. 46, p. 15889 - 15903
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|t Journal of the American Chemical Society
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