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@INBOOK{Worthoff:858923,
      author       = {Worthoff, Wieland and Mauler, J. and Oros-Peusquens, A. M.},
      title        = {{CHAPTER} 4. {U}ltra-high {F}ield {I}maging},
      address      = {Cambridge},
      publisher    = {Royal Society of Chemistry},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2018-07759},
      series       = {New Developments in NMR},
      pages        = {101 - 128},
      year         = {2018},
      comment      = {Hybrid MR-PET Imaging / Shah, N Jon (Editor)},
      booktitle     = {Hybrid MR-PET Imaging / Shah, N Jon
                       (Editor)},
      abstract     = {MR spectroscopy (MRS) reveals information about the
                      molecular structures underlying the MR signal. Properties
                      such as chemical shift and scalar coupling cause a
                      characteristic splitting of the resonance frequencies and
                      following the numerical fitting of the acquired data to the
                      corresponding basis spectra, these shifts can be used to
                      distinguish different kinds of molecules. For in vivo
                      applications, spatial localisation techniques for signal
                      acquisition, such as STEAM or PRESS, and water signal
                      suppression, i.e. CHESS or MEGA, are required. Using
                      non-proton nuclei as target nuclei allows MRI to investigate
                      in vivo metabolic processes and pathology non-invasively.
                      These so-called X-nuclei impose increased technological and
                      methodological demands, as the sensitivity and abundance are
                      significantly lower compared to protons and their spin
                      dynamics might be more sophisticated and complex.
                      Nevertheless, the potential benefit of acquiring such data
                      is tremendous both clinically and in research. The most
                      prominent X-nuclei in vivo are 2H, 7Li, 13C, 17O, 19F, 23Na,
                      31P, 35Cl and 39K and a subset are discussed here. One of
                      the applications that constitutes a ‘perfect fit’ for
                      ultra-high field imaging is the depiction of brain anatomy.
                      The usual challenges of ultra-high field imaging pertain but
                      once overcome anatomical imaging of the brain is able to
                      produce in vivo images with unprecedented resolution and
                      contrast. The chapter concludes with a brief excursion into
                      ‘emerging applications’ and includes phase and
                      susceptibility imaging, quantitative susceptibility imaging
                      and CEST-based imaging at ultra-high field.},
      cin          = {INM-4 / INM-11 / JARA-BRAIN},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)INM-4-20090406 / I:(DE-Juel1)INM-11-20170113 /
                      $I:(DE-82)080010_20140620$},
      pnm          = {573 - Neuroimaging (POF3-573)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-573},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)7},
      doi          = {10.1039/9781788013062-00101},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/858923},
}