TY - JOUR AU - Dresler, Martin AU - Sandberg, Anders AU - Bublitz, Christoph AU - Ohla, Kathrin AU - Trenado, Carlos AU - Mroczko-Wąsowicz, Aleksandra AU - Kühn, Simone AU - Repantis, Dimitris TI - Hacking the Brain: Dimensions of Cognitive Enhancement JO - ACS chemical neuroscience VL - 10 IS - 3 SN - 1948-7193 CY - Washington, DC PB - ACS Publ. M1 - FZJ-2019-00110 SP - 1137–1148 PY - 2019 AB - In an increasingly complex information society, demands for cognitive functioning are growing steadily. In recent years, numerous strategies to augment brain function have been proposed. Evidence for their efficacy (or lack thereof) and side effects has prompted discussions about ethical, societal, and medical implications. In the public debate, cognitive enhancement is often seen as a monolithic phenomenon. On a closer look, however, cognitive enhancement turns out to be a multifaceted concept: There is not one cognitive enhancer that augments brain function per se, but a great variety of interventions that can be clustered into biochemical, physical, and behavioral enhancement strategies. These cognitive enhancers differ in their mode of action, the cognitive domain they target, the time scale they work on, their availability and side effects, and how they differentially affect different groups of subjects. Here we disentangle the dimensions of cognitive enhancement, review prominent examples of cognitive enhancers that differ across these dimensions, and thereby provide a framework for both theoretical discussions and empirical research. LB - PUB:(DE-HGF)16 C6 - pmid:30550256 UR - <Go to ISI:>//WOS:000462259900019 DO - DOI:10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00571 UR - https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/859235 ER -