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@ARTICLE{Rudolph:859956,
      author       = {Rudolph, Sebastian and Marchant, Ben Paul and
                      Weihermüller, Lutz and Vereecken, Harry},
      title        = {{A}ssessment of the position accuracy of a single-frequency
                      {GPS} receiver designed for electromagnetic induction
                      surveys},
      journal      = {Precision agriculture},
      volume       = {20},
      number       = {1},
      issn         = {1573-1618},
      address      = {Dordrecht [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Springer Science + Business Media B.V},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2019-00762},
      pages        = {19 - 39},
      year         = {2019},
      abstract     = {In precision agriculture (PA), compact and lightweight
                      electromagnetic induction (EMI) sensors have extensively
                      been used to investigate the spatial variability of soil, to
                      evaluate crop performance, and to identify management zones
                      by mapping soil apparent electrical conductivity (ECa), a
                      surrogate for primary and functional soil properties. As
                      reported in the literature, differential global positioning
                      systems (DGPS) with sub-metre to centimetre accuracy have
                      been almost exclusively used to geo-reference these
                      measurements. However, with the ongoing improvements in
                      Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) technology, a
                      single state-of-the-art DGPS receiver is likely to be more
                      expensive than the geophysical sensor itself. In addition,
                      survey costs quickly multiply if advanced real time
                      kinematic correction or a base and rover configuration is
                      used. However, the need for centimetre accuracy for surveys
                      supporting PA is questionable as most PA applications are
                      concerned with soil properties at scales above 1 m. The
                      motivation for this study was to assess the position
                      accuracy of a GNSS receiver especially designed for EMI
                      surveys supporting PA applications. Results show that a
                      robust, low-cost and single-frequency receiver is sufficient
                      to geo-reference ECa measurements at the within-field scale.
                      However, ECa data from a field characterized by a high
                      spatial variability of subsurface properties compared to
                      repeated ECa survey maps and remotely sensed leaf area index
                      indicate that a lack of positioning accuracy can constrain
                      the interpretability of such measurements. It is therefore
                      demonstrated how relative and absolute positioning errors
                      can be quantified and corrected. Finally, a summary of
                      practical implications and considerations for the
                      geo-referencing of ECa data using GNSS sensors are
                      presented.},
      cin          = {IBG-3},
      ddc          = {640},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IBG-3-20101118},
      pnm          = {255 - Terrestrial Systems: From Observation to Prediction
                      (POF3-255)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-255},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000456278600002},
      doi          = {10.1007/s11119-018-9578-1},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/859956},
}