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@ARTICLE{Tiwari:860463,
      author       = {Tiwari, A. and Dorogin, L. and Bennett, A. I. and Schulze,
                      K. D. and Sawyer, W. G. and Tahir, M. and Heinrich, G. and
                      Persson, Bo},
      title        = {{T}he effect of surface roughness and viscoelasticity on
                      rubber adhesion},
      journal      = {Soft matter},
      volume       = {13},
      number       = {19},
      issn         = {1744-6848},
      address      = {London},
      publisher    = {Royal Soc. of Chemistry},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2019-01217},
      pages        = {3602 - 3621},
      year         = {2017},
      abstract     = {Adhesion between silica glass or acrylic balls and silicone
                      elastomers and various industrial rubbers is investigated.
                      The work of adhesion during pull-off is found to strongly
                      vary depending on the system, which we attribute to the two
                      opposite effects: (1) viscoelastic energy dissipation close
                      to an opening crack tip and (2) surface roughness.
                      Introducing surface roughness on the glass ball is found to
                      increase the work of adhesion for soft elastomers, while for
                      the stiffer elastomers it results in a strong reduction in
                      the work of adhesion. For the soft silicone elastomers a
                      strong increase in the work of adhesion with increasing
                      pull-off velocity is observed, which may result from the
                      non-adiabatic processes associated with molecular chain
                      pull-out. In general, the work of adhesion is decreased
                      after repeated contacts due to the transfer of molecules
                      from the elastomers to the glass ball. Thus, extracting the
                      free chains (oligomers) from the silicone elastomers is
                      shown to make the work of adhesion independent of the number
                      of contacts. The viscoelastic properties (linear and
                      nonlinear) of all of the rubber compounds are measured, and
                      the velocity dependent crack opening propagation energy at
                      the interface is calculated. Silicone elastomers show a good
                      agreement between the measured work of adhesion and the
                      predicted results, but carbon black filled hydrogenated
                      nitrile butadiene rubber compounds reveal that strain
                      softening at the crack tip may play an important role in
                      determining the work of adhesion. Additionally, adhesion
                      measurement under submerged conditions in distilled water
                      and water + soap solutions are also performed: a strong
                      reduction in the work of adhesion is measured for the
                      silicone elastomers submerged in water, and a complete
                      elimination of adhesion is found for the water + soap
                      solution attributed to an osmotic repulsion between the
                      negatively charged surface of the glass and the elastomer.},
      cin          = {IAS-1 / PGI-1 / JARA-FIT / JARA-HPC},
      ddc          = {530},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IAS-1-20090406 / I:(DE-Juel1)PGI-1-20110106 /
                      $I:(DE-82)080009_20140620$ / $I:(DE-82)080012_20140620$},
      pnm          = {141 - Controlling Electron Charge-Based Phenomena
                      (POF3-141)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-141},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:28443913},
      UT           = {WOS:000401620300015},
      doi          = {10.1039/C7SM00177K},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/860463},
}