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@ARTICLE{Qu:860511,
      author       = {Qu, D. and Gaganidze, E. and Vaßen, R. and Aktaa, J.},
      title        = {{D}etermination of interface toughness of functionally
                      graded tungsten/{EUROFER} multilayer at 550 °{C} by
                      analytical and experimental methods},
      journal      = {Engineering fracture mechanics},
      volume       = {202},
      issn         = {0013-7944},
      address      = {Kidlington},
      publisher    = {Elsevier Science},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2019-01247},
      pages        = {487 - 499},
      year         = {2018},
      abstract     = {As armor coating, functionally graded (FG) tungsten/EUROFER
                      multilayer was sprayed on EUROFER substrate for First Wall
                      application in fusion field. Interface toughness between FG
                      tungsten/EUROFER multilayer and EUROFER substrate was
                      studied innovatively by a simple method based on the beam
                      theory in this paper. To quantify interface toughness, the
                      energy release rate was assessed by performing three and
                      four-point bending tests on pre-cracked specimens at
                      550 °C and under high vacuum. The energy release rate
                      during propagating of interfacial crack was determined to be
                      258 J/m2 and 225 J/m2 analytically and experimentally
                      for samples with 3 and 5 layers as FG-layer, respectively,
                      which were calculated based on multi bending tests.
                      Cross-section and fracture microstructure show a vast of
                      plasticity in FG-layer, particularly in FG-layer with a
                      higher volume ratio of EUROFER. Interfacial fracture
                      microstructure indicates interface adhesion consists of
                      mechanical interlocking and metallurgical bonding.},
      cin          = {IEK-1},
      ddc          = {530},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-1-20101013},
      pnm          = {113 - Methods and Concepts for Material Development
                      (POF3-113)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-113},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000449274300032},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.engfracmech.2018.09.016},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/860511},
}