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@ARTICLE{Qu:860627,
      author       = {Qu, Shilian and Sun, Hao and Kreter, Arkadi and Yuan, Yue
                      and Cheng, Long and Huang, Zhengxing and Xu, Ben and Chen,
                      Wanqi and Cui, Wei and Tang, Zhenan and Jia, Yuzhen and
                      Lian, YouYun and Liu, Xiang and Liu, Wei},
      title        = {{D}egradation of thermal conductivity of the damaged layer
                      of tungsten irradiated by helium-plasma},
      journal      = {Fusion engineering and design},
      volume       = {137},
      issn         = {0920-3796},
      address      = {New York, NY [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2019-01300},
      pages        = {97 - 103},
      year         = {2018},
      abstract     = {Pure tungsten samples were irradiated by helium plasma in
                      the linear plasma device PSI-2 with an ion energy of 40 eV
                      and a flux of 1.1 × 1022 m−2s−1. The irradiation
                      temperature was from 523 K to 773 K and the fluence was
                      from 1.0 × 1025 to 1.0 × 1026 m−2. A damaged
                      layer of 10 nm thickness was formed on the sample surface
                      with a destroyed crystalline structure. Helium-bubbles and
                      surface modification in nanoscale were observed. Thermal
                      conductivities of the ultra-thin damaged layers were
                      measured by the transient thermoreflectance technique.
                      Result shows that the thermal conductivity reduced two
                      orders of magnitude compared to the bulk value and decreased
                      with increasing irradiation temperature and fluence.
                      Moreover, the helium-irradiated samples were exposed to
                      ELM-like heat load produced by electron beam on EMS-60. The
                      pulse length was 1 ms and each sample was exposed to 5
                      pulses. Melting occurred under power density of
                      1.7 GW m−2. As the thermal conductivity of the damaged
                      layer decreased, the molten bath of the irradiated sample
                      deepened. The degraded thermal conductivity led to a lower
                      melting threshold. The characterization of the thermal
                      conductivity of the damaged layer induced by the plasma
                      irradiation is a promising way to estimate the damage level,
                      as well as the failure threshold, of the plasma facing
                      components.},
      cin          = {IEK-4},
      ddc          = {530},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-4-20101013},
      pnm          = {113 - Methods and Concepts for Material Development
                      (POF3-113)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-113},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000454466000015},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.fusengdes.2018.08.014},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/860627},
}