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@ARTICLE{Leis:861059,
      author       = {Leis, Arthur and Rodenbücher, Christian and Szot,
                      Krzysztof and Cherepanov, Vasily and Tautz, F. Stefan and
                      Voigtländer, Bert},
      title        = {{I}n-situ four-tip {STM} investigation of the transition
                      from 2{D} to 3{D} charge transport in {S}r{T}i{O}3},
      journal      = {Scientific reports},
      volume       = {9},
      number       = {1},
      issn         = {2045-2322},
      address      = {[London]},
      publisher    = {Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nature},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2019-01643},
      pages        = {2476},
      year         = {2019},
      abstract     = {The electrical properties of SrTiO3(100) single crystals
                      were investigated in-situ at different stages of thermal
                      reduction by means of a 4-tip STM. Using the tips of the STM
                      as electrical probes, distance-dependent four-point
                      measurements were performed at the surface of the crystal at
                      room temperature after reduction by thermal treatment. For
                      annealing temperatures T ≤ 700 °C, charge transport
                      is confined to a surface region <3 μm below the surface.
                      For reduction at T ≥ 900 °C a transition from a
                      conducting 2D sheet with insulating bulk to a system with
                      dominant 3D bulk conductivity is found. At an intermediate
                      reduction temperature of T = 800 °C, a regime with
                      mixed 2D/3D contributions is observed in the
                      distance-dependent resistance measurements. Describing the
                      depth-dependent conductivity with an analytical N-layer
                      model, this regime of mixed 2D/3D conductivity is evaluated
                      quantitatively under the assumption of an exponentially
                      decaying conductivity profile, correlated with the
                      previously observed depth-dependent dislocation density in
                      the sample. A non-monotonous temperature dependence of the
                      3D conductivity in the respective conducting layer is found
                      and possible underlying mechanisms are discussed,
                      particularly with regard to non-intrinsic material
                      properties depending on details of the sample preparation.},
      cin          = {PGI-3 / IEK-3},
      ddc          = {600},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)PGI-3-20110106 / I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-3-20101013},
      pnm          = {141 - Controlling Electron Charge-Based Phenomena
                      (POF3-141) / 135 - Fuel Cells (POF3-135)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-141 / G:(DE-HGF)POF3-135},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      pubmed       = {pmid:30792428},
      UT           = {WOS:000459281500045},
      doi          = {10.1038/s41598-019-38888-x},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/861059},
}