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@ARTICLE{Stephan:862355,
      author       = {Stephan, C. C. and Strube, C. and Klocke, D. and Ern, M.
                      and Hoffmann, L. and Preusse, P. and Schmidt, H.},
      title        = {{G}ravity waves in global high‐resolution simulations
                      with explicit and parameterized convection},
      journal      = {Journal of geophysical research / D Atmospheres D},
      volume       = {124},
      number       = {8},
      issn         = {2169-8996},
      address      = {Hoboken, NJ},
      publisher    = {Wiley},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2019-02689},
      pages        = {4446-4459},
      year         = {2019},
      abstract     = {Increasing computing resources allow us to run weather and
                      climate models at horizontal resolutions of 1‐10 km. At
                      this range, which is often referred to as the convective
                      gray zone, clouds and convective transport are partly
                      resolved, yet models may not achieve a satisfactory
                      performance without convective parameterizations. Meanwhile,
                      large fractions of the gravity wave (GW) spectrum become
                      resolved at these scales. Convectively generated GWs are
                      sensitive to spatio‐temporal characteristics of convective
                      cells. This raises the question of how resolved GWs respond
                      to changes in the treatment of convection. Two global
                      simulations with a horizontal grid spacing of 5 km are
                      performed, one with explicit and one with parameterized
                      convection. The latitudinal profiles of absolute
                      zonal‐mean GW momentum flux match well between both model
                      configurations and observations by satellite limb sounders.
                      However, the simulation with explicit convection shows
                      $~30‐50\\%$ larger zonal‐mean momentum fluxes in the
                      summer hemisphere subtropics, where convection is the
                      dominant source of GWs. Our results imply that changes in
                      convection associated with the choice of explicit versus
                      parameterized convection can have important consequences for
                      resolved GWs, with broad implications for the circulation
                      and the transport in the middle atmosphere.},
      cin          = {IEK-7 / JSC},
      ddc          = {550},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-7-20101013 / I:(DE-Juel1)JSC-20090406},
      pnm          = {244 - Composition and dynamics of the upper troposphere and
                      middle atmosphere (POF3-244) / 511 - Computational Science
                      and Mathematical Methods (POF3-511) / ESiWACE - Excellence
                      in SImulation of Weather and Climate in Europe (675191)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-244 / G:(DE-HGF)POF3-511 /
                      G:(EU-Grant)675191},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000469071400011},
      doi          = {10.1029/2018JD030073},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/862355},
}