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@ARTICLE{Effenberg:862442,
      author       = {Effenberg, F. and Niemann, H. and Feng, Y. and Geiger, J.
                      and Schmitz, O. and Suzuki, Y. and Ali, A. and Barbui, T.
                      and Brezinsek, S. and Frerichs, H. and Jakubowski, M. and
                      König, R. and Krychowiak, M. and Puig Sitjes, A. and
                      Schmitt, J. C. and Sunn Pedersen, T.},
      title        = {{I}nvestigation of 3{D} effects on heat fluxes in
                      performance-optimized island divertor configurations at
                      {W}endelstein 7-{X}},
      journal      = {Nuclear materials and energy},
      volume       = {18},
      issn         = {2352-1791},
      address      = {Amsterdam [u.a.]},
      publisher    = {Elsevier},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2019-02754},
      pages        = {262 - 267},
      year         = {2019},
      abstract     = {The 3D effects on divertor heat loads have been
                      investigated for performance-optimized island divertor
                      configurations at Wendelstein 7-X with 3D modeling and IR
                      camera measurements. A new high mirror configuration
                      optimized for more stable island divertor operation due to
                      reduced bootstrap currents and a more even heat load
                      distribution between the main divertor targets has been
                      investigated for the first time numerically and
                      experimentally.Transport calculations with EMC3-EIRENE show
                      a strong dependence of the heat flux distributions on the
                      configurations and the details of the 3D island geometry. IR
                      camera measurements confirm the predictions concerning the
                      global heat load distributions for the standard
                      configuration but show more even distributions between the
                      main wetted divertor plates in the high mirror
                      configurations. The local heat load profiles show offsets in
                      their position of up to 5 cm to each other and averaged peak
                      heat fluxes varying between 0.5 MWmand 2.2 MWmdepending on
                      the divertor module considered. These heat flux asymmetries
                      complicate the local matching of profiles between experiment
                      and 3D modeling.The 3D equilibrium of a high mirror
                      high-performance scenario predicted by the HINT code has
                      been investigated with EMC3-EIRENE for the first time to
                      anticipate plasma response in higher performance scenarios.
                      The island divertor is preserved fordespite enhanced
                      stochasticity. However, the islands are increased in size
                      while the path lengths for parallel transport are reduced
                      causing a substantial change in the divertor heat flux
                      patterns.},
      cin          = {IEK-4 / IEF-3 / PTJ-IKK},
      ddc          = {624},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-4-20101013 / I:(DE-Juel1)VDB811 /
                      I:(DE-Juel1)PTJ-IKK-20170908},
      pnm          = {174 - Plasma-Wall-Interaction (POF3-174)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-174},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000460107500045},
      doi          = {10.1016/j.nme.2019.01.006},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/862442},
}