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@ARTICLE{Tegen:862489,
      author       = {Tegen, Ina and Neubauer, David and Ferrachat, Sylvaine and
                      Siegenthaler-Le Drian, Colombe and Bey, Isabelle and
                      Schutgens, Nick and Stier, Philip and Watson-Parris, Duncan
                      and Stanelle, Tanja and Schmidt, Hauke and Rast, Sebastian
                      and Kokkola, Harri and Schultz, Martin and Schröder, Sabine
                      and Daskalakis, Nikos and Barthel, Stefan and Heinold, Bernd
                      and Lohmann, Ulrike},
      title        = {{T}he global aerosol–climate model {ECHAM}6.3–{HAM}2.3
                      – {P}art 1: {A}erosol evaluation},
      journal      = {Geoscientific model development},
      volume       = {12},
      number       = {4},
      issn         = {1991-9603},
      address      = {Katlenburg-Lindau},
      publisher    = {Copernicus},
      reportid     = {FZJ-2019-02795},
      pages        = {1643 - 1677},
      year         = {2019},
      abstract     = {We introduce and evaluate aerosol simulations with the
                      global aerosol–climate model ECHAM6.3–HAM2.3, which is
                      the aerosol component of the fully coupled
                      aerosol–chemistry–climate model ECHAM–HAMMOZ. Both the
                      host atmospheric climate model ECHAM6.3 and the aerosol
                      model HAM2.3 were updated from previous versions. The
                      updated version of the HAM aerosol model contains improved
                      parameterizations of aerosol processes such as cloud
                      activation, as well as updated emission fields for
                      anthropogenic aerosol species and modifications in the
                      online computation of sea salt and mineral dust aerosol
                      emissions. Aerosol results from nudged and free-running
                      simulations for the 10-year period 2003 to 2012 are compared
                      to various measurements of aerosol properties. While there
                      are regional deviations between the model and observations,
                      the model performs well overall in terms of aerosol optical
                      thickness, but may underestimate coarse-mode aerosol
                      concentrations to some extent so that the modeled particles
                      are smaller than indicated by the observations. Sulfate
                      aerosol measurements in the US and Europe are reproduced
                      well by the model, while carbonaceous aerosol species are
                      biased low. Both mineral dust and sea salt aerosol
                      concentrations are improved compared to previous versions of
                      ECHAM–HAM. The evaluation of the simulated aerosol
                      distributions serves as a basis for the suitability of the
                      model for simulating aerosol–climate interactions in a
                      changing climate.},
      cin          = {IEK-8 / JSC},
      ddc          = {550},
      cid          = {I:(DE-Juel1)IEK-8-20101013 / I:(DE-Juel1)JSC-20090406},
      pnm          = {512 - Data-Intensive Science and Federated Computing
                      (POF3-512) / 243 - Tropospheric trace substances and their
                      transformation processes (POF3-243) / Earth System Data
                      Exploration (ESDE)},
      pid          = {G:(DE-HGF)POF3-512 / G:(DE-HGF)POF3-243 /
                      G:(DE-Juel-1)ESDE},
      typ          = {PUB:(DE-HGF)16},
      UT           = {WOS:000465633700004},
      doi          = {10.5194/gmd-12-1643-2019},
      url          = {https://juser.fz-juelich.de/record/862489},
}